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古代ギリシアの民主政とアカウンタビリティー

古希腊的民主与问责制

基本信息

批准号：
12610408
负责人：
向山宏
金额：
$ 2.43万
依托单位：
Risshikan University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

本年度は、昨年度のアカウンタビリティと互酬性についての研究から導き出された「公私の区別」についての考察をさらに押し進めながら、公的世界=政治世界におけるアカウンタビリテイの制度の実態を、単に役人の執務審査制度や弾劾制度のみでなく、政治制度の根幹に横たわる部族制度=役人の選出選挙区についての透明性に至るまで考察した。すなわち、まず後者について言えば、今日知られる139の区(デーモス)は面積、市民人口ともに多様な、自然発生的な村落共同体からなり、アテナイは前508/7年の部族改革においてこれを国家共同体の基本単位とした。この結果、10部族は公職選挙区としての均等性を確保するために一方ではプリュタネイスのトリッチュスと呼ばれる特殊かつ複雑な等人口リンク集団(中間団体)をつくり出し、他方では都市・海岸、内陸という3地域を各部族に内包させる、規模的には均等な地域トリツチュスをつくり出した。この2種類のトリッチュスによって、3地域を含み、かつ等市民数の10部族を作り上げることができた。この10部族によってアテナイは、以後アカウンタブルな(容易に説明可能な、説得的な)選挙区を持ち、自由自在な数の官職選挙を実施しうることができた。アテナイ民主政におけるアカウンタビリティの根幹は基本的にはここにある。その上でなお、公職者の金銭的権力的不正を正す資格を全市民に付与したのが執務審査制度であり、公職者弾劾制度であった。しかも、この制度は社会の全領域に貫徹する制度ではなく、政治的建て前の世界、公的領域に限定され、私的生活の中では互酬的人間関係が卓越した。今年度は、以上の研究成果を平成14年度広島西洋史学研究会大会において口頭発表し(2002.8)、さらに論文に纏めつつあるところである。『立志舘大学紀要』第4号に掲載する予定であった(2003.6)。

This year, the research on the "difference between public and private" was conducted in the past year, and the investigation on the "difference between public and private" was conducted in the past year. The world = political world = political world The root of the political system is horizontal, and the tribal system is equal to the transparency of the election area of the service personnel. The village community, which was born naturally, was formed in the area of 139 districts, the population of citizens, and the tribal reform in 508/7 years ago. As a result, 10 tribal public office election areas are guaranteed to be equal in size and size. One side is divided into three groups: urban, coastal and inland. The other side is divided into three regions: tribal, urban and inland. 2 kinds of The 10 tribes are divided into two groups: the first group is divided into three groups: the second group is divided into three groups: the first group is divided into three groups: the first group is divided into three groups: the second group is divided into three groups: the third group is divided into three groups: the third group is divided into three groups: the fourth group is divided into four groups: the fourth group is divided into three groups: the fourth group is divided into three groups: the fourth group is divided into four groups: the fourth group is divided into three groups: the fourth group is divided into four groups: the fourth group is divided into three groups: the fourth group is divided into three groups: the fourth group is divided into four groups: the fourth group is divided into three groups: the fourth group is divided into four groups: the fourth group is divided into three groups: the fourth group is divided into Democratic politics is a fundamental issue. The system of examination and prosecution of public officials is based on the improper qualifications of public officials. The system is carried out in all fields of society, the world before the establishment of politics, the limits of public life, and the mutual rewards of human relations. This year, the above research results were presented orally at the 14th National Congress of the Hiroshima Western History Research Association (2002.8), and the papers were published today. "Journal of Ishikkan University" No. 4, published in 2003.