AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON THE RESTRUCTURING OF LOCAL ECONOMY UNDER THE CHANGING INDUSRIAL STRUCTURE OF NATIONAL ECONOMY

在1990年代初过热的经济活动崩溃之后，Gunnai地区的就业结构和就业条件一直在发生变化。大公司在重组计划下解雇的劳动力大多数是作为低工资的兼职劳动力受雇于机械工业、土木工程和建筑业以及服务和零售业的中小企业。机械工业的中小企业并没有大规模裁员，而是通过缩减经营规模和开发新技术来求得生存。土木工程和建筑业试图通过有效利用临时劳动力来度过公共工程减少的难关。服务业和零售业似乎用兼职工人取代了全职工人。纺织企业已经转向需要高水平研发的新业务，并为年轻人创造了新的就业机会。由于儿童人数减少和希望接受高等教育的学生比例上升，在贡奈劳动力市场上发挥重要作用的新高中毕业生的就业人数正在减少。为了维持和发展当地经济，以下是必不可少的：创造和保持产业和企业规模的多样性，鼓励高新技术企业，在本地工商界之间建立科技及市场需求的资讯网络，并提供良好的生活环境及公共基础设施，让市民能够掉头回乡，生育及养育下一代。

After the collapse of the overheated economic activities at the beginning of the 1990 s, the employment structure and employment conditions in Gunnai district have been changing. The labor force discharged by large companies under their restructuring sch- emes has mostly been employed as low-waged part-time work force by small- and medium- sized firms of machine industry, civil engineering and construction industry, and service and retail industries. Small and intermediate sized businesses of machine industry have not cut their employment in large scale and tried to survive by means of curtailment of operation and development of new technology. Civil engineering and construction industry have tried to tide over the reduction of public works by making efficient use of temporary labor force. Service and retail businesses seem to replace full-time workers by part-time workers. Textile businesses have shifted to new businesses which require high level of R&D and created new jobs for young kers. The employment of new high-school graduates who had played an important role in the Gunnai labor market has been reducing because of decreasing number of children and rising ratio of students who wish higher education.In order to maintain and develop local economies the following are indispensable: to create and maintain the diversity of industries and businesses in terms of size, to encourage new businesses of high-technology, to construct the network of information on technology and market demand among local businesses, and to provide desirable living conditions and public infrastructure which enable people to make a U-turn to their home town and bear and raise their next generation.