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Development of GIS using acoustic measurement methods for quick quantitative assessment of marine bioresources

利用声学测量方法开发 GIS，以快速定量评估海洋生物资源

基本信息

批准号：
12660162
负责人：
KOMATSU Teruhisa
金额：
$ 2.3万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This study aimed to develop quick assessment methods of aquatic living resources using Geographical Information System (GIS). We measured mesopelagic fishes and seagrass/seaweed beds, which haven't investigated, with quantitative echosounders and acoustic measurement instruments. We quantified alfonsin (Beryx splendens), one of the most important mesopelagic commercial fish around seamounts in Japanese exclusive economic zone by using a split-beam echosounder. We mapped precise bottom topography of seamounts with multibeam sonar and differential-GPS. These data were incorporated into the system that can quickly assess the relation between quantitative fish distribution and bottom topography using GIS. We also developed the system that can show substrate including seagrass scanned by echosounder on the display of portable personal computer in real time. The developed software processes signals from the echosounder and D-GPS and classify substrate localizing ship position with GPS. We made field surveys on seagrass and seaweed beds in Sanriku Coast, in Miura Peninsula of Kanagawa Prefecture and Posidonia beds in Mediterranean Sea. Sea truth was also done in these areas. In Sanriku Coast, we studied ecology and biomass of Zostera caulescens. In addition, we made analysis with GIS on change in intertidal ecosystem polluted by Nakhodka oil spill accident and management of coastal area as studies using GIS applied to fisheries science and fisheries oceanography. Acoustic survey has needed highly specialized knowledge for use and produced large quantity of data. Therefore acoustic survey has been very complicated method to estimate resources. Acoustic survey is recommended to estimate fisheries resources because it is independent from the fisheries activity. Our study succeeded to develop easy quick assessment methods integrating GIS and acoustic survey data. We plane to develop another quick assessment methods for other marine bioresosauces with variety of life forms.

本研究旨在建立基于地理信息系统（GIS）的水生生物资源快速评价方法。我们用定量回声测深仪和声学测量仪器测量了尚未研究的中远洋鱼类和海草/海藻床。本文利用分束测深仪对日本专属经济区海山附近最重要的中远洋商业鱼之一黄颡鱼进行了定量研究。利用多波束声纳和差分gps对海底山进行了精确测绘。将这些数据整合到系统中，可以利用GIS快速评估定量鱼类分布与海底地形的关系。我们还开发了一个系统，可以在便携式个人电脑的显示器上实时显示由回声测深仪扫描的基材，包括海草。开发的软件对来自测深仪和D-GPS的信号进行处理，并利用GPS对基片定位船舶位置进行分类。我们对三陆海岸、神奈川县三浦半岛的海草和海藻床以及地中海的波西多尼亚床进行了实地调查。海真相也在这些地区进行。在三陆海岸对长尾藻（Zostera caulescens）生态学和生物量进行了研究。此外，作为GIS在渔业科学和渔业海洋学研究中的应用，我们对纳霍德卡溢油事故污染的潮间带生态系统的变化和沿海地区的管理进行了分析。声学测量需要高度的专业知识才能使用，并且产生了大量的数据。因此，声波测量是一种非常复杂的资源估算方法。由于声学调查独立于渔业活动，因此建议用于估计渔业资源。本研究成功地开发了一种结合GIS和声学测量数据的简易快速评价方法。我们计划开发其他具有多种生命形式的海洋生物酱料的快速评估方法。