Reduction of total manure excretion from livestock using by fiber degradation enzymes

采用纤维素酶和其他纤维降解酶，对纯纤维素、纯饲料和商品饲料作为底物的纤维素消化率进行了体外研究。另一体外实验研究了植酸酶对纤维素和磷利用的影响。采用实验的方法，对大鼠食糜收集后，给予不同种类的酶，研究了纤维素在消化道中的降解性和降解效率。通过测定干物质和营养物质的消化率，同时研究了通过增加纤维素消化来提高能量利用效率和减少粪便排泄。研究了饲粮中添加纤维素对家禽、成年小型猪和生长猪粪便量、干物质消化率和纤维素消化率的影响。还研究了植酸酶和纤维素在家禽和小型猪中的联合作用。在盐酸-胃蛋白酶缓冲液下的体外研究表明，一些复合酶降低了纤维素的降解，植酸酶的联合利用降低了纤维素的降解效率。某些酶能减少粪便排出量，提高干物质消化率，但对粗纤维（木质素、纤维素）的消化率影响不大。这一结果导致了一种推测，即这些酶提高了可溶性氮提取物的消化率。部分纤维素添加物对植酸降解有抑制作用，同时对植酸酶活性也有降低作用。人们认为纤维素和植酸酶的联合补充有时效果不佳。

In vitro studies were done to evaluate a cellulose digestibility of pure cellulose, purified diet and commercial diet as substrate by using cellulase including other fiber degradation enzymes. Another in vitro studies were done to examine the effect of phytase on the utilization of cellulose and phosphorus.In a way of experiments, cellulose degradability in the digestive tract and an efficiency of cellulose degradation were studied after the collection of digesta from rats given some kinds of enzyme. An efficiency of energy utilization and a reduction of fecal excretion by increasing cellulose digestion were simultaneously studied by measuring dry matter and nutrients digestibilities. The effect of cellulose supplementation to diets on fecal amount, dry matter digestibility and cellulose digestibility was studied in poultries, adult mini-pigs and growing pigs. A combined effect of phytase and cellulose was also studied in poultries and mini-pigs.The in vitro study under HCl-pepsin buffer solution showed that some complex enzymes reduced cellulose degradation and the combined utilization of phytase reduced cellulose degradability efficiency. Some enzymes reduced the amount of excreted feces and improved dry matter digestibihty, however the enzymes seemed to have little effect on the digestibility of crude fiber (lignin, cellulose). The result leads to a speculation that the enzymes improve the digestibility of soluble nitrogen tee extract. Some cellulose supplements reduced phytic acid degradation and made an action to decrease phytase activity which was supplemented simultaneously. It is considered that a combined supplementation of cellulose and phytase is sometimes not effective.