Aberrant Cognitive and Motor Functions in Schizophrenia Detected by Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

精神分裂症患者的运动技能学习可能受到损害。9名服药精神分裂症患者和10名年龄匹配的健康对照组进行了一项涉及右手的序贯复杂运动任务。使用梯度回波，回波平面成像(EPI)脉冲序列在进行动作训练1周之前和之后获得功能磁共振图像。双侧，患者在开始运动训练前运动前区(PMA)的血氧水平依赖(BOLD)信号反应明显低于对照组。运动训练1周后，精神分裂症患者左侧PMA的BOLD信号反应增加，而对照组左侧PMA的BOLD信号反应减少。在获得的手指运动序列数量方面，训练效果在不同组之间没有差异。每日服用抗精神病药的剂量对PMA中BOLD信号反应随训练的变化没有显著影响。这些结果表明，精神分裂症患者的…更多的S有神经网络功能障碍，包括参与执行复杂运动任务的大脑前运动区。在大脑活动方面，患者的运动学习可能比健康受试者效率低或慢。精神分裂症患者表现出各种认知障碍，特别是在注意力、长期记忆和工作记忆方面。工作记忆缺陷是精神分裂症患者的主要功能障碍之一。采用功能磁共振成像技术，对15例精神分裂症患者和15例健康对照进行了概念推理任务的脑激活检测。精神分裂症患者在概念推理任务中表现出较差的激活，尤其是在左侧前额、顶叶皮质和左侧后颞叶。这些区域的激活缺陷可能反映了字母和单词的工作记忆和信息处理的障碍。与典型的抗精神病药物相比，非典型抗精神病药物可能对脑激活有更好的影响。与奥氮平(MARTA)相比，5-羟色胺-多巴胺拮抗剂利培酮可能改善了任务绩效，并激活了更多与任务相关的大脑区域。较少

Motor skill learning may be impaired in schizophrenia. A sequential complex motor task involving the right hand was performed by 9 medicated schizophrenic patients and 10 age-matched healthy controls. Functional magnetic resonance images were obtained using a gradient echo, echoplanar imaging (EPI) pulse sequence before and after 1 week of training in performing the movement. Bilaterally, patients showed significantly less blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signal response in the premotor area (PMA) before beginning motor training than controls. BOLD signal response increased in the left PMA of schizophrenic patients after 1 week of motor training; in contrast, the signal decreased in the left PMA of control subjects. Training effects concerning the number of finger movement sequences achieved did not differ between groups. Daily neuroleptic dose did not significantly affect changes with training in BOLD signal response in the PMA. These results suggest that schizophrenic patient … More s have dysfunction of neural networks in areas including the PMA that are involved in executing a complex motor task. In terms of brain activity, motor learning may be less efficient or slower in the patients than in healthy subjects.Schizophrenic patients show various cognitive impairments, especially in attention, longterm memory, and working memory. Working memory deficit is one of the cardinal dysfunction in schizophrenia. Using fMRI, brain activation during conceptual reasoning task were measured in 15 schizophrenic patients and 15 healthy controls. Schizophrenic patients poorly performed conceptual reasoning task and showed less activation during the task especially in left prefrontal and parietal cortex, and left posterior temporal lobe. Activation deficit in these areas may reflect disturbed working memory and information processing of letters and words. Atypical neuroleptics may have better influence on brain activation compared to typical neuroleptics. It is possible that one of the serotonin-dopamine antagonist, risperidone improves the task performance and activates more brain regions relating to the task compared to olanzapine (MARTA). Less