β-catenin abnormalities in pediatric malignant solid tumors

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(1) To investigate implication of p-catenin in tumorigenesis of childhood maligmant solid tumors, gene alterations and protein expression patterns of β-catenin were analyzed.(2) Beta-catenin gene alterations were detected in 77% of hepatoblastomas and 25% of nephroblastomas investigated, and all alterations were considered to have a serious effect on phosphorylation by GSK-3β.(3) Apparent distinction was observed between hepatoblastoma and hephroblastoma in β-catenin alteration -patterns.(4) Abnormal protein expression pattern, such as intense immunostaining in tumor cell nuclei, was uniformly observed in a subsets of tumors of different histological types.(5) Such abnormal accumulation of β-catenin was detected in all hepatoblastomas, 40% of nephroblastomas and several rhabdomyosarcomas, suggesting a common involvement of β-catenin abnormalities in tumorigenesis of these tumors.(6) In neuroblastoms, any β-catenin abnormalities were detected.