Sustainable use of integration of ground and surface waters

地下水和地表水一体化的可持续利用

• 批准号: 12680089
• 负责人: SHIMMI Osamu
• 金额: $ 0.77万
• 依托单位: Kagawa University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2001
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12680089/
• 关键词: sustainable; groundwater; surface water; conjunctive use; hydrological environment; water resources management; regulation

The recent economic growth and the expansion of urban areas have caused the rapid increase in water demand, and it resulted in damages of the hydrological environment such as water pollution and land subsidence. Thus, the water issues are to construct the balanced water supply-demand system and to conserve the hydrological environment. This study discusses the water management in the specific area based on the field survey, which is conducted in the Ryukyu islands, the Kumamoto area, and the Sanuki plain. The Ryukyu islands consist of limestone with high permeability, and groundwater is a major water source. Miyako island is flat hill without rivers, and groundwater is used for irrigation by constructing the underground dam. At the same time, the management system is established for groundwater development and conservation. In the Kumamoto area located at the foot of Mt. Aso, groundwater is highly developed for municipal supply. In the Sanuki plain the measures to increase the water supply are performed as follows: construction of multi-purpose reservoirs, water transfer within the basin, and inter-basin water transfers. Although the large scale system of water supply has been built, it is still difficult to supply adequate water during the period of little rainfall. Keeping the balance of supply and demand throughout the year, it requires the conjunctive use of surface and ground water, the conservation of hydrological environment, and the wise management of land use.

近年来，随着经济的发展和城市面积的扩大，对水资源的需求量急剧增加，水污染和地面沉降等水文环境问题日益突出。因此，水问题的实质是构建水资源供需平衡系统，保护水环境。本研究以琉球群岛、熊本地区及萨努基平原为对象，以实地调查为基础，探讨特定区域的水资源管理。琉球群岛由高渗透性的石灰岩组成，地下水是主要的水源。宫古岛是没有河流的平坦丘陵，通过建造地下水坝，地下水被用于灌溉。同时，建立了地下水开发与保护管理制度。位于熊本山脚下的熊本地区。阿索，地下水是高度发达的城市供应。在萨努基平原，增加供水的措施如下：建造多用途水库、流域内调水和跨流域调水。虽然大规模的供水系统已经建成，但在降雨量较少的时期仍然难以提供充足的水。要保持全年水资源的供需平衡，必须统筹利用地表水和地下水，保护水文环境，合理管理土地利用。