The Experimental and Comparative Study concerning the Development of Instructional Program Focused on the Student Teaching at Subjects' Method Courses

本研究的目的是：1)探讨日本教育学院面向全体学生的学生教学存在的问题及解决办法；2)制定学科方法课程与学生教学的教学方案。为达到这一目的，本研究采用问卷调查的方式，对多所教育学院及其附属学校的学科方法课程与学生教学的教学目的、内容与方法进行了调查。结果表明，许多教育学院都有学生教学专业委员会，其工作人员与导师召开了会议，他们觉得自己的学院没有为学生教学准备有效的系统架构。并对美国和英国的教师培养计划进行了实地考察。这两个国家的课程都侧重于作为一名准教师的实践能力，也就是“教师必须知道和能够做什么？”这些信息给我们提供了许多建议，以制定我们的教学计划。为了实现第二个目标，我们修订了试行版本的《学生教学成就表》。新的量表由以下部分组成：1)备课(特别是日语、社会、算术、科学和体育)的成就表，2)做课，3)评课。本研究以几所教育学院的学生教学法课程和学科教学法课程为例，检验了这些表的有效性和缺陷。本研究提出了以学生教学为中心的教学方案，可通过上述过程在大学及其附属学校使用。这就实现了成就表，它的有效性可以通过这项研究得到证实。

The purposes of this study are 1) to explore the problems and its solutions of student teaching which is obliged all students in Japanese college of education, and 2) to develop the instructional program of both subjects' method course and student teaching.To accomplish the first purpose, the instructional purpose, content, and method of subjects' method courses and student teaching were surveyed at many colleges of education and its attached schools using questionnaires. As a result, it was clarified that many colleges of education had the professional committee of student teaching, its staff held meeting with mentor teachers, and they felt that there was no effective systematic structure prepared for student teaching in their college. The on-the-spot surveys were also made concerning the teacher preparation program in the United States and England. Both countries' programs focused on the practical abilities as a prospective teacher, that is, "what teacher have to know and to be able to do?". These information gave us many suggestions to develop our instructional program.To accompany the second purpose, "Achievement Table for Student Teaching", which had been a tentative version, was revised. New table was consisted of the following parts : Achievement Table for 1) Lesson Planning (especially for Japanese Language, Social Studies, Arithmetic, Science, and Physical Education), 2) Lesson Doing, and 3) Lesson Evaluating. The efficacy and defeats of these tables were examined, using at student teaching and subjects' method courses in several colleges of education.This study presented the instructional program focused on the student teaching, which could be used at colleges and its attached schools, through the processes mentioned above. That was realized as the Achievement Table, and its efficacy could be confirmed by this study.