Field Research on Japanese Local Festivals and Nation-State

该项目有两个方面：历时性，重点关注明治维新/第二次世界大战/ 60年代，同步性，重点关注城市/农村/孤岛民间传统。在2001年和2002年，进行了(1)对马岛实地调查，(2)相关文献研究，(3)一般书籍研究。研究地点为东海岸的一个小渔村（2001年）和最南端的一个农渔村（2002年）。至于后者（Tsutsu），由于人口的减少和年轻一代的冷漠，被称为赤饭季节仪式（akagomi -no-shinji）的传统仪式几乎消失了。虽然这个民间传统在全国都很有名，但它并不适合像旅游业这样的方式，而旅游业会给它带来持久的动力。To-nakama（享有仪式特权的村民）目前正根据《文化财产保护法》与Monka-sho进行谈判。然而，问题不仅在于补贴，还在于传统仪式的社会条件和文化动机的变化。通过这个项目，我们考察了九州地区一个孤岛的历史和结构情况，并将其与已经在城市和农村进行的研究进行比较。

The project has two aspects: diachronically, with focus on Meiji Restoration/The Second World War/the 60's, synchronically with focus on urban/rural/isolated islands folk tradition. In 2001 and 2002, (1) field research in Tsushima island, (2) related document research, and (3) general book research were done.Field site was a small fishing village in the east coast (2001) and a farming and fishing village in the southernmost tip (2002). As for the latter (Tsutsu), the traditional rites called Akagome-no-shinji (seasonal rites of Red Rice) is almost vanishing because of the decrease of population and of the indifference of the younger generations. Though nationally well-known, this folk tradition is not apt to such a way as tourism, which will give lasting motivations. To-nakama (privileged village members for the rites) is now negotiating with Monka-sho under the Cultural Properties Protection Law. The point is, however, not only the subsidy, but also the changing social conditions and cultural motivations for the traditional rites.Through this project, we had examined historical and structural situations of an isolated island in Kyushu Area, which will be compared with the research already done in urban and rural sites.