About the influence that presence of a crime experience gives to testimony communication

我们将没有犯罪经历的无辜者的证词与同一案件中真正罪犯的证词进行了比较。旨在澄清证言内容的差异和证言的变更过程。首先，我们调查了心理学领域一个与忏悔相关的研究趋势，作为下一步研究的准备工作。作为调查的结果，系统地阐明了口供的各种分析技术。在接下来的研究中，我们选择了审判案例，在这些案例中，在调查中供认罪行的被告后来从其他证据中变得无辜。我们分析了一项涉及口供信任特征评价的判决。口供的先进性、口供的变更、口供的合理性、口供与客观证据的一致性是判断的要点。此外，我们还提取了一个无辜的例子，在同一案件中，既有无辜者的供述，也有真正罪犯的供述。该案是Uwajima案，真正的罪犯在审判时出现，很明显被告是无辜的。因此，我们分析了Uwajima案调查阶段的一份书面陈述。因此，在真实罪犯和无辜的人的证词之间，关于犯罪的陈述的内容存在质的差异。例如，关于案件核心要点的陈述在真正罪犯的证词中是一致和详细的。与此形成对比的是，在犯罪行为中的周边事项中，通过一个无辜者的证词，可以看到陈述的一致性和细节。在此分析结果的基础上，我们考察了犯罪嫌疑人/被告人和调查官员的证词生成过程，并阐明了犯罪经历对证词交流的影响。

We compared testimony of an innocent person without a crime experience with that of the true criminal about the same case. We aimed to clarify differences of testimony contents and change process of testimony. At first we investigated a trend of a study in the field of psychology to relate to the confession, as preparations work of the next study. As a result of investigation, various analysis techniques of the confession were clarified systematically. In next study, we picked trial cases, in which the accused who had confessed crimes at an investigation became innocence later from other evidences. We analyzed a judgment to be concerned with trust characteristics evaluation of confession. There are important points for judgments : progress of confession, change of confession, rationality of confession, and agreement of confession with objective evidences. Furthermore, we extracted an innocent example, where there are confession of an innocent person and confession of the true criminal in the same case. The case was the Uwajima case that the true criminal appeared at the time of trial, and it became clear that the accused was innocent. Therefore we analyzed a written statement in an investigation stage of Uwajima case. As a result, between testimony of the true criminal and an innocent person, qualitative difference was seen in contents of statements about a crime. For example, a statement about core point of a case was consistent and detailed in testimony of the true criminal. In contrast with this, a statement consistency and details were seen in a circumferential matter in a crime act by testimony of an innocent person. On the basis of such an analysis result, we considered a testimony generation process of a suspect/the accused and an investigation official and clarified the influence that presence of a crime experience gave to testimony communication.