Sociological Study of Ethnic Conflicts and People's Livelihood in Melanesia

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This research aims to study ethnic tensions in Melanesia from the perspective of developmet sociology and development anthropology. The study has revealed following points. 1. The ethnic tension in Solomon Islands has the background that Solomon Islands' modernization has marginalized Guadalcanal Islanders. 2. How displaced people in the Solomon Islands was affected depends on where and how they lived in Guadalcanal Island. Malaitan people, who purchased land in Guadalcanal to get both town accessibility and subsistence economy, were most affected. 3. In Solomon Islands, the ethnic tension has promoted people's "to our land" ideology. 4. The ethnic tension in Solomon has changed traditional 'compensation' to the mere way of claiming for money. 5. Some efforts to re-educate young people for peace have occurred after the tension in Solomon Islands. 6. Vanuatu, where no ethnic tension has occurred, has latent conflict for land in Port Vila. This latent conflict appears when people label themselves.