Arsenic, antimony and mercury chemical forms and behavior in volcanic emissions

收集了21种温度与岩岛萨摩火山不同的火山气体。冷凝水中的汞浓度为120 - 135，000 ng/l。汞与氯离子浓度呈高度正相关。这一事实表明，汞蒸气中的汞可能以氯化物的形式排放。然而，从使用热力学数据的化学平衡计算中，排除了汞以氯化物形式排放的可能性，即汞在气态汞中的化学形式。然而，汞排放的根源并不简单，因为汞浓度与土壤温度之间没有相关性。得出了还原性汞蒸气中汞在高温下以金属汞蒸气的形式存在的结论。详细考察了以南九州为主的地热水和矿区周围地表水的形态分析方法以及地下水中砷、锑的分析方法，建立了分析方法。结果表明，砷、锑反映了本区的地质特征.并证明了砷、锑在地下等还原性气氛中的化学形态是由低氧化条件导致的。

21 fumarolic gases which temperature differed from Satsuma Iwojima Volcano were collected. The mercury concentration in the condensed water is 120〜135,000 ng/l. There was high positive correlation between mercury and chloride ions concentration. This fact indicates the possibility in which the mercury in the fumarolic gas is discharged in the form of chloride. However, the possibility of the emission in the form of the chloride was denied that mercury chemical form in fumarolic gas from the calculation of chemical equilibrium using thermodynamic data. However, mercury emission root is not simple, because there is no correlation between fumarolic temperature and mercury concentration. The result which the mercury existed in the reductive fumarolic gas in the form of metallic mercury vapor, as the temperature is high, was obtained. And, the speciation analysis method of geothermal water mainly on South Kyushu and surface water around the mine and arsenic in the groundwater, antimony were examined in detail, and the analysis method was established. As the result, arsenic, antimony reflect the geologic feature of the region. And, it was proven that the chemical form of the low oxidation condition was leading for arsenic, antimony in reductive atmosphere such as the underground.