Development and Application of High Resolution Meteorological and Chemical Transport Model for the Evalaution of Regional Air Quality.

开发了高分辨率气象和化学输送模式，用于区域空气质量的环境评价。本文首先利用区域大气模式系统(RAMS)对九州地区进行了12个月的连续模拟，水平分辨率为2公里。用日本气象厅常规观测资料对模式结果进行了密集检验，证实了气象预报的高精度。这一年尺度(1h间隔)数据集可以作为虚拟大气扩散实验的数据库。其次，采用多重嵌套技术对山形盆地的花粉传播模式进行了在线模拟，在空气流场中考虑了复杂地形的影响。通过田间观测对模型模拟的花粉浓度进行了检验，结果表明模型具有较高的适用性。然而，花粉释放方案是非常不确定的，而建立这样的花粉释放清单控制着模型的准确性。最后，我们将我们的方法应用于模拟亚洲尺度的黄沙排放和输送。我们对2000年-2002年的S春季时间进行了模拟，并利用地面和激光雷达观测资料对黄沙浓度进行了检验，发现我们的在线扩散应用程序对模拟亚洲黄沙如此远距离的输送是非常强大的。

High resolution meteorological and chemical transport model was developed for the environmental assessment of regional air quality. In this study, at first, the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS) was applied for 12 months continuous simulation over the Kyushu Region with 2 km horizontal resolution. Model results are intensively examined with the Japan Meteorological Agency routine observation data, and confirmed the high accuracy of metrological prediction. This annual scale (1 h interval) data set can be used as the database of virtual atmospheric dispersion experiment. Secondly, we made the on-line pollen dispersion model simulation over the Yamagata Basin with a multiple nesting technique to include the complex terrain effect in the air flow field. Model simulated pollen concentration was examined with the field observation, and show the high performance of model applicability. However, the pollen emission scheme is very uncertain and the establishment of such an pollen emission inventory controls the model accuracy. Finally we applied our approach to simulate the Asian scale yellow sand emission and transport. We made the three year 's spring time simulation between the year of 2000-2002, and the yellow sand concentration was examined with surface and lidar observation data. It was found that our on-line dispersion application was very much powerful to simulate the such a long-range transport of Asian yellow sand.