Studies on the production of Porphyrae yezoensis reeds tolerant to the red rot disease by the gene transduction of anti-Pythium protein

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In the present study, we conducted to screen the antifungal proteins against Pythium porphyare to establish the new breeds of Pophyrae yezoensis tolerant to the red rot disease, and isolated 13 strains of bacteria with the cell wall degrading activity to P. porphyare from the Ariake Sea. Pseudomoas sp. PE2, the most potent active bacterium showed chitin, β-1,3;1,4-glucan, and β-1,3-glucan degrading activities and then these genes were cloned by the expression of these enzymes. When we analyzed these genes, these proteins have been proved to have the functional regions with a variety of binding activities to several polysaccharides and specifically bound to some polysaccharides. Among these enzymes, β-1,3(4)-glucanase A has been found to be most important for the cell wall degradation. More over, when we purified and characterized the anti-P. porphyare protein (SAP) from the culture supernatant of the marine bacterial isolate, Sreptomyces sp. AP77, SAP was proved to have three subunits and the homologies of these subunits are very high to the known proteins. The mode of action of SAP seems to be related to the permeability of cell membrane of P.porhyrae.Thus, the present study proves that above enzymes and antifungal proteins are very useful and expectable to establish the disease-tolerant breeds of P.yezoensis by the gene transduction of those proteins.