The clarification of mechanism and the establishment of preventative method of white scours in new bone calves of dairy cows

本试验的目的是研究奶牛新生犊骨白粉病发病机理的阐明和预防方法的建立。在奶农对新生的小牛出现白色流涎的普查中，他们回答说，经常发生白色酸痛，并建议这可能是由于饲喂替代奶造成的。作为预防白斑的措施，提出了[0！1]处方清洗剂、[0！2]白斑产品的更换、[0！3]冰冻保存的初乳、[0！4]温水哺乳、[0！5]抗生素处方等。在分析可能由于出现白斑而导致的代用牛奶中，乳脂中饱和脂肪酸与不饱和脂肪酸的比率低于天然牛奶。天然乳代乳中矿物质(K、C_1、P)含量较高。代乳的pH值较低。在饲喂精料日粮和牧草日粮的奶牛中，与饲喂精料日粮相比，饲喂牧草日粮时奶牛的乳成分在乳脂不饱和脂肪酸中的比率高于饲喂牧草日粮的奶牛。在牛奶中的矿物质含量，在密闭基础日粮中K和C_1含量较高，而在密闭基础日粮中钠则较低。因此，在密闭基础日粮中饲喂奶牛的天然牛奶可能是预防新生小牛骨白斑的一种实用手段。

The objective of those experiments were to study the clarification of mechanism and the establishment of preventative method of white scours in new bone calves of dairy cows.1. In the census taking by dairy farmers for the occurrence of white scours in new bone calves, they answerd that white sours had often occurenced and sugested that it might be due to feeding of substitute milk. As the preventive measure of white scours, it was proposed that 【○!1】the prescription of evacutants, 【○!2】the change of products of white scours, 【○!3】the suckling of colostum preserved freezingly, 【○!4】the suckling of tepid water, 【○!5】the prescription of antibiotics, and so on.2. In analysis of substitute milks that might be due to occurrence white scours, those were lower in the ratio of saturated fatty acids to unsaturated fatty acids in milk fat than natural milk. Mineral contents (K, C1, P) were higher in substitute milks in natural milk. pH were lower in substitute milks.3. In comparison of milk components in cows fed on a concentrates-based diet or a pasture-based diet, milk of when cows were fed on a pasturebased diet higher in the rates of C_<18:1> and C_<18:2> in unsaturated fatty acids of milk fat than fed on a concentrates-based diet. In mineral contents in milk, K and C1 were higher, but Na was lower in a pasuture-based diet.It is likely that natural milk of cows fed on a pasuture-based diet is a practical means of preventing white scours in new bone calves.