EVALUATION OF OOCYTES QUALITY THOROUGH ANALYSIS OF APOPTOTIC SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION IN FOLLICLES.

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Fas-Fas ligand which is a major system of signal transduction of apoptosis was used for elucidation of apoptotic system in ovaries from preovulatory female mice (B6C3 strain). Fas antigen is on the surface of granulosa cell membrane. Intracellular signal transduction starts after Fas ligand combines to Fas antigen. Fas antigen was not found on the surface of oocyte even in the atretic follicle of mouse. Otherwhile Fas antigen and Fas ligand was found on the surface of granulosa cells. In situ hybridization showed that apoptotic granulosa cells producted Fas antigen and not Fas ligand. Fas ligands was producted in oocyte. Therefore oocytes hold the key to follicle development or atretic follicles. Protein C kinase mediates intracellular signal transduction of granulosa cells. Other signal transduction was suggested while blockage of intracellular transduction via protein C kinase was no use in follicle development. There was p38 protein which contains 4 kinds of isoforms (α,β,γ and δ). In those groups, p38α stimulates follicular apoptosis but p38β does not. Further investigation is necessary for detection of all of intracellular signal transduction for apoptosis in atretic follicles.