Minimal requirements and the present circumstances in terminal care of aged person at home - Application of qualitative study -

居家老人临终护理的最低要求及现状 - 定性研究的应用 -

• 批准号: 13672362
• 负责人: SETO Shinji
• 金额: $ 1.6万
• 依托单位: NAGASAKI UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2002
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13672362/
• 关键词: Home medical service; Terminal care; gerontology; Qualitative research

(Objective) The aim of this study was to investigate the minimal requirements for successfully conducting the terminal care of aged person at home and also to recognize the present circumstances of this field in Nagasaki-city, Japan.(Subjects and Methods) After recruitment of persons who had been providing the terminal care to aged person at home, semi-structured interviews were conducted in each recruiter. The basic questions of the interview include average daily activities, cognitive abilities, mood, communicating abilities, symptoms and social circumstances of the terminal care recipient. All interviews were taped and then analyzed.(Results and Conclusion) Most of the care providers were old females whose age at the start of the care were ranged from 46 to 80 years old and had provided the care for 3 to 8 years. Terminal care recipients were consisted of almost equal numbers of males and females whose age at the start of the care were ranged from 75 to 92 years old. Most of the recipients had been gradually, not suddenly, losing their independence. Further, their upper arm and swallowing functions and communication abilities were relatively well preserved until the later stage. Characteristically, the providers and recipients were both optimistic and endurant. Their economical situations were in over the average and could afford the care instruments for providers' convenience and even the remodeling of the house for the recipient. Socially, it is fundamental to have a good access to a neighbor hospital and a visiting nursing care institute. The recipients were provided various social services including a bathing service at home by visiting nurses and, importantly, could be in and out of hospital easily whenever they were needed. Nevertheless, anxiety of the providers on continuation of the care at home had been growing toward the end stage of this care.

（目的）本研究的目的是调查成功进行居家老人临终护理的最低要求，并了解日本长崎市这一领域的现状。（对象和方法）招募曾为居家老人提供临终护理的人员后，对每个招聘人员进行半结构化访谈。面谈的基本问题包括临终护理对象的平均日常活动、认知能力、情绪、沟通能力、症状和社会环境。所有访谈均进行录音并进行分析。(结果与结论) 大部分护理人员都是老年女性，开始护理时的年龄在46岁至80岁之间，护理时间为3至8年。临终护理接受者的男性和女性人数几乎相等，他们开始接受护理时的年龄在 75 岁至 92 岁之间。大多数接受者是逐渐而不是突然失去独立性的。此外，他们的上臂和吞咽功能以及交流能力直到后期都保存得相对较好。从特征上看，提供者和接受者都是乐观和忍耐的。他们的经济状况处于平均水平以上，能够负担得起为提供者提供便利的护理器具，甚至为受助者重新装修房屋。在社交方面，能够方便地前往邻近的医院和上门护理机构是至关重要的。受助者获得了各种社会服务，包括由上门护士提供的在家洗澡服务，更重要的是，他们可以在需要时轻松进出医院。然而，在护理的最后阶段，提供者对继续在家护理的焦虑一直在增加。