Evaluation of penetration resistance performance of blood and virus in high water-repellent clothes and development of operation gown

在日本，直到19世纪以后，人们才开始讨论病原体、它们引起的疾病以及它们的治疗方法。关于医务人员防护服的研究始于20世纪下半叶。手术服提高了对各种病原体的防御性能，目前存在着各种各样的手术服。为了了解如何从医院可提供的多种手术服中选择一种，对手术服进行了问卷调查，并对结果进行了分析。在20世纪90年代，人们从可以通过洗涤和消毒反复穿着的棉质长袍，转变为由聚酯和无纺布制成的一次性长袍，这是非常显著的。仅使用一次性长袍的医院占调查总数的53%。调查中有许多评论表明，从保护医务人员的角度来看，希望完全转向一次性类型。对防护服的防御性能改进和性能评价也提出了要求。我们制作了一种利用自动加压控制器来评估血液穿透阻力性能的装置。这是对ASTM 1670方法中所示设备的改进。通过调节调节器和比例阀，该设备可以将达到ASTM方法中最大压力2 psi所需的时间从1秒改变为60秒。用该装置测定了13种手术服布料的抗血液渗透性能。实验以3.5kPa/sec的压力增量进行，实验依据ASTM 1670方法。我们的目标是开发具有更高防御性能的手术服，作为一种物理特性，特别是在抗血液渗透方面。

In Japan, it was only after the 19th century that research concerning pathogens, the diseases they cause, and their cures, were discussed. Research about protective clothing for medical staff began in the latter half of the 20th century. Operation gowns with improved defense performance against various pathogens exist today in a wide variety. To investigate how selection of one of the many kinds that are available by hospitals is done, a questionnaire survey concerning operation gowns was carried out and the results were analyzed. The shift from gowns made from cotton fabric that could be repeatedly worn through washing and sterilization, to disposable gowns made from polyester, non-woven fabric was remarkable in the 1990's. Hospitals that used only disposable gowns comprised 53% of the total surveyed. There were many comments in the survey indicating a desire to shift completely to disposable types, from the perspective of safeguarding medical personnel. Defense performance improvement of the gowns and their performance evaluation were also requested.We have made a device which evaluates blood penetration resistance performance using an automatic pressurizing controller. It is an improvement on the device shown in the ASTM 1670 method. By adjusting a regulator and a proportion valve, the device can alter the time required to reach the maximum pressure of 2 psi in the ASTM method from 1 to 60 seconds. The blood penetration resistance performance of the cloth of 13 kinds of operation gowns was measured with this device. The experiment was conducted with an increase of pressure of 3.5kPa/sec, based on the ASTM 1670 method. Our goal is the development of operation gowns with a higher defense performance as a physical characteristic, especially with respect to blood penetration resistance.