Research for the deformation field in middle to lower crust from the viewpoints of water-rock interactions.

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1)We made experimental apparatus of a mini-piston cylinder system for state-equation of crustal fluids, and tested its capability. It is used in the pressure vessel of gas-type high T & P tri-axial apparatus. CO2 is injected out of the pressure vessel into the mini-piston cylinder system in which NaCl solution is confined, P, V and T is continuously measured. The accuracy of P and V measurements is sufficient, but the measurement of T must be improved.2)We performed stick-slip experiments using the data recording system of a high acquisition rate which was attached with the tri-axial apparatus. They elucidated that friction coefficient increased abruptly and promptly just after the melting of slip surfaces by frictional heating, and that slips were stopped temporarily or finally.3)We overhauled our old solid-pressure type tri-axial apparatus and renewed the measurement system of T and P. This enabled us to performed deformation experiments under the P and T conditions at a Moho depth. … More We succeeded also in measuring the differential stress precisely. By using this refined apparatus, we stared the deformation experiments far quartzite with an aim to investigate the effects of H2O on plastic flow and fracturing in lower crust.4)On the basis of statistical thermodynamics theory, we analyzed the temperature-, pressure-and composition-dependences of the dihedral angles of solid/liquid systems which control the distribution patterns of liquids and melts in solids. The results are consistent with the experimental data for metals, and the wetting behaviors in quartz + H2O system under the condition of the lower crust were successfully explained at least qualitatively.5)By using FLASH algorism, we made a computer code of the phase equilibrium for all of the state equations of H2O + NaCl + CO2 systems that have been proposed previously. Moreover, we calculated enthalpies by differentiating the state functions for temperature that is derived from the state equations. The accuracy of the state equations was checked based on temperature changes.6)We measured the electric impedance for sintered glass beads which was immersed in electrolyte solutions in order to understand its relation to the internal structure of the sintered glass beads. These experiments elucidated that the electric conductivity is determined by the connectivity of liquid, and that the dielectric constant is governed by the isolated liquid patches. These results enable us to establish realistic models for the distributional configuration of liquid phases in rocks. Less