Study on System for Maintenance and Control of Structures as Social Foundation

对构成结构维护和控制系统所需的基本技术进行了深入研究，并试图开发一种先进的系统，将获得的结果与现有系统相结合。对基础技术的研究结果如下：(1)明确了对非稳态氯离子浓度分布影响较大的因素，量化了裂纹对氯离子扩散的影响。(2)发展了氯离子腐蚀、碳酸化和钙离子浸出腐蚀的评价方法，提出了大电池腐蚀腐蚀的监测方法和电沉积法。(3)将残余拉伸应变作为冻融劣化的指标，建立了分析混凝土结构性能变化的力学模型，并引入该指标。(4)发现了碱-硅-硅反应（ASR）对结构承载能力影响的几个事实。(5)定量明确了ASR与氯离子联合作用对钢筋腐蚀的影响，提出了氯离子与碳化联合作用对钢筋腐蚀速度的解析预测。(6)验证了声发射方法可用于混凝土结构在使用过程中的劣化诊断检测，并对光纤传感混凝土结构裂缝分布等监测方法取得了若干成果。(7)提出了刚体弹簧模型与桁架网络模型相结合的分析方法来处理混凝土劣化引起的内应力变化和物质运动。(8)对玻璃钢包覆层和钢护套的加固效果进行了实验研究，建立了分析评价加固效果的方法。可以说，引入上述学术成果后，维修控制系统得到了很大的改进，甚至框架也没有太大的变化。少

Elemental technologies that are needed to constitute maintenance and control system for structures were intensively studied and it was tried to develop an advanced system, incorporating obtained results to the existing system. The results on elementary technologies are as follows.(1)The factors that have a great influence on the distribution of unsteady-state chloride ion concentrations were made clear, and the effects of cracks on the diffusion of chloride ions was quantified.(2)The estimation methods of deterioration due to chloride ions, carbonation and leaching of calcium ions were developed, and a monitoring method on deterioration due to macro-cell corrosion as well as an electrodeposition method was presented.(3)The residual tensile strain was presented as an index of deterioration due to freezing and thawing, and a mechanical model of concrete to analyze the change of structural performances was developed, introducing this index.(4)Several facts were found on the effect of alka … More li-silica reaction(ASR) on the load carrying capacity of structures.(5)The effect of ASR combined with chloride ion on the corrosion of re-bars was quantitatively made clear, and it was presented that the corrosion speed due to combined attack of chloride ion and carbonation can be analytically predicted.(6)It was confirmed that the acoustic emission method can be applied to the diagnostic check on deterioration of concrete structures in use, and several results were obtained on monitoring methods for crack distributions and so forth of concrete structures by sensing using optical fibers.(7)An analytical method, in which the rigid body spring model is combined with the truss network model was developed to treat changes of internal strain accompanied by movement of substances due to deterioration of concrete.(8)The strengthening effects of FRP sheet wrapping and steel jacketing were studied experimentally and the method was developed to evaluate the effects analytically.It can be said that the maintenance and control system was improved greatly introducing the above-mentioned academic results, even the framework did not change so much. Less