Studies on body size-density relationships in animal communities

1. 主要利用动物群落数据，从理论和实证两方面研究了体型-密度关系和物种-丰度关系。从理论和概念的角度对生物多样性中性理论进行了考察，并对其在生物多样性研究中的适用性提出了一些问题。利用中欧和英国的流底栖生物群落数据分析了体型-密度关系和物种-丰度关系。物种丰富的河流群落表现出由资源破碎化过程介导的尺度关系。试图通过整合资源碎片化机制，推导出异速代谢标度理论的扩展。结果是资源的分形大小分布，作为身体大小的函数，解释了观察到的能量缩放关系。实验分析了生境复杂性对底栖生物群落的影响。在不同时期观测到的物种丰度模式随着生境复杂性水平的变化几乎没有系统的变化，但在很大程度上遵循随机分类模型和随机分数模型的预测模式，或者介于两者之间。实验研究了亚热带巨石海岸石栖软体动物群落的物种/丰度-面积关系模式。研究表明，即使在相对较小的生境空间尺度内，物种/丰度-面积关系的尺度变异/不变性也具有重要意义。

1. Body size-density relationships and species-abundance relationships were studied involving theoretical an empirical analyses, mainly using data on animal communities.2. The neutral theory of biodiversity was examined from theoretical and conceptual points of view and some issues were raised about its applicability to biodiversity studies.3. Body size-density relationships and species-abundance relationships were analyzed with data on stream benthic assemblages from central Europe and the UK. Species-rich stream communities displayed size-scaling relationships that were mediated by resource fragmentation processes. An attempt was made to derive an extension of the allometric and metabolic scaling theory by integrating resource fragmentation mechanisms. The result is a fractal-like size-distribution of resources, as a function of body size that explains observed energetic scaling relationships.4. The effects of habitat complexity on benthic assemblages were experimentally analyzed. Species abundance patterns observed at different times of year showed little systematic variation with levels of habitat complexity but largely followed the patterns expected from, or lying in between, the Random Assortment model and the Random Fraction model.5. Patterns of species/abundance-area relationships were experimentally investigated in a stone-associated molluscan community on a subtropical boulder shore. The study demonstrated the significance of scale variance/invariance in species/abundance-area relationships even within relatively small spatial scales of habitat.