Studies on the Development and Practice of the Islamic Jihad Theories after the mid-1990s

自从1998年2月成立反对犹太人和十字军的圣战“世界伊斯兰阵线”以来，所谓“激进伊斯兰原教旨主义者”的圣战进入了一个新的阶段。激进分子将自己的穆斯林政府视为主要敌人，并一直在与之进行军事斗争。他们在奥萨马•本•拉登的领导下，本•拉登拒绝对穆斯林政府采取军事行动，并开始优先考虑与基地组织一起开展反以色列、反美军事行动。​因此，我们对圣战运动的理论和实践进行研究，每年聚焦一个地区，从欧亚大陆中部、中东、东南亚，最后到南亚。对于一些重要的案例，我们也在固定点进行观察。根据我们的实地调查和对各种文件的分析，我们得出以下结论：(1)对“激进的伊斯兰原教旨主义者”的严厉压迫使他们放弃了在家乡的军事行动；(2)他们认为美国和以色列对他们的“同胞”穆斯林的攻击和杀戮是他们无法忽视的程度，特别是在巴勒斯坦和伊拉克。应该指出的是，我们的另一项发现是，“伊斯兰恐惧症”是对伊斯兰教和穆斯林的仇恨、歧视和压迫的全球表达，自“9.11”以来，穆斯林之间的感受和讨论更加强烈。​

Since the formation of the "World Islamic Front" for the Jihad against Jews and Crusaders in February 1998, the Jihad of the so-called "Radical Islamic Fundamentalists" entered upon a new phase. The radicals, who had recognized their own Muslim governments as the prime enemies and had been fighting against them militarily, came under the leadership of Osama bin-Laden, who had rejected the military campaign against the Muslim governments, and came to give priority to the anti-Israeli and anti-American military campaigns together with al-Qaeda.The main purpose of this research project is to make cross-regional analysis on the above-mentioned change, which led to the 9.11 attack to the World Trade Center, and the actual state of the jihad organizations which are apt to attack the foreign targets. Therefore we made researches on the theories and practice of the Jihadist movements, focusing on one region each year, and moved from Central Eurasia, Middle East, South-East Asia, lastly to South Asia. For some important cases, we kept our observation at fixed points as well.From our fieldworks and analysis of various documents, we came to the following conclusion :(1)The harsh oppression on the "Radical Islamic fundamentalists" caused them to give up their military campaign in their homelands,(2)They perceive the American and Israeli attacks on and killings of their "fellow" Muslims are to the extent that they cannot ignore, especially in Palestine and Iraq.It should be pointed out as our additional finding that "Islamophobia," global expression of hatred, discrimination and oppression against Islam and Muslims, is more strongly felt and discussed among Muslims since "9.11." In that circumstance, obviously, more Muslims respond to Osama bin-Laden's invitation to Jihad and join the Jihadist groups, as they think that is the last resort to overcome "Islamophobia".