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Field research of luminous beetles in China Yunnan

中国云南发光甲虫的野外研究

基本信息

批准号：
14405010
负责人：
OHMIYA Yoshihiro
金额：
$ 7.04万
依托单位：
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14405010/
关键词：
Bioluminescence Luminous organism Evolution Diversity Biogeography China Unnan East Asia Mitochondria DNA 地域分散遺伝子

项目摘要

The light of firefly fascinates both a heart of people and an interest of scientists. The luminescence beetles are a valuable research object for evolution and diversity of livings because these organisms are consisted by many species where lives in worldwide. The Coleoptera order is the richest group among Metazoa, but its phylogenetics remains incompletely understood. In this research, we proposed that the China Yunnan region was paid to attention as one candidate in firefly's root. We tried to do the field investigation of Chinese Yunnan between 2002 and 2005. In detailed of field era is as follows; 1) the surrounding of China Yunnan Kunming in September 2002, 2) the Yunnan Southwestern near Laotian in Jun 2004, 3) the Yunnan Shesarpanna near Myanmar in June 2004. Addition, we researched the luminous beetles on a surrounding of Brazil Sao Paulo in January 2004 in order to compare the luminous beetles in East Asia. In these area, we observed the environment condition and collected se … More veral species, and after came back to Japan, analyzed their characteristics about morphology, genetics and etc of them. As a result, we found and collected the valuable samples. For example, we collected the half aquatic fireflies that seemed that the related species of Japanese fireflies (Genji-botaru and Haike-botaru). These species could be a key sample to explore the biogeography from the non-aquatic, via half aquatic to aquatic fireflies in their diversity. We also found the luminous beetle Rhagophthalmus lufengensis (Arthropoda, Insecta, Coleoptera) which is similar species of Iriomote-botaru R. ohbai. Then, we determined the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences of two luminous beetles R. lufengensis and R. ohbai from Yaeyama Island, Japan. In a study of the evolutionary relationship among R. lufengensis, R. ohbai and the firefly Pyrocoelia rufa, the phylogenetic tree inferred from IrRNA genes from mitochondrial genomes indicates a biogeographic relationship among the bioluminescent insects in East Asia and the phylogenetic tree inferred from luciferase-related genes from nuclear genomes shows an appropriate relationship among coleopterans, reflecting the evolutionary origin of bioluminescence. Thus, the mtDNAs of luminescent beetles can provide an insight into their evolutionary origin and biogeography. Namely, In this research, we can open the key of door on evolutionally and biogeographically study of luminous beetles. Less

萤火虫的光芒既吸引了人们的心，也吸引了科学家的兴趣。发光甲虫是生物进化和多样性的重要研究对象，因为这些生物体由生活在世界各地的许多物种组成。鞘翅目是后生动物中最丰富的类群，但其系统发育仍不完全清楚。在这项研究中，我们建议将中国云南地区作为萤火虫根的候选地区之一予以关注。我们尝试在2002年至2005年间对中国云南进行实地调查。田野时期的具体情况如下： 1）2002年9月中国云南昆明周边，2）2004年6月老挝附近的云南西南部，3）2004年6月缅甸附近的云南Shesarpanna。此外，我们于2004年1月对巴西圣保罗周边的发光甲虫进行了研究，以比较东亚的发光甲虫。在这些地区，我们观察了环境状况并收集了一些野生物种，回到日本后，分析了它们的形态、遗传学等特征。结果，我们发现并收集了有价值的样本。例如，我们收集了似乎是日本萤火虫（源氏萤火虫和灰家萤火虫）的近亲种的半水生萤火虫。这些物种可能是探索从非水生、半水生到水生萤火虫多样性的生物地理学的关键样本。我们还发现了与 Iriomote-botaru R. ohbai 相似的发光甲虫 Rhagophamus lufengensis（节肢动物门、昆虫纲、鞘翅目）。然后，我们测定了来自日本八重山岛的两种发光甲虫 R. lufengensis 和 R. ohbai 的线粒体 DNA (mtDNA) 序列。在对禄丰 R. lufengensis、R. ohbai 和萤火虫 Pyrocoelia rufa 之间进化关系的研究中，从线粒体基因组中的 IrRNA 基因推断出的系统发育树表明了东亚生物发光昆虫之间的生物地理关系，而从核基因组中的荧光素酶相关基因推断出的系统发育树显示了鞘翅目昆虫之间的适当关系，反映了生物发光的进化起源。因此，发光甲虫的 mtDNA 可以帮助我们深入了解其进化起源和生物地理学。也就是说，在这项研究中，我们可以打开发光甲虫进化和生物地理学研究之门的钥匙。较少的