Die Stellung der Dichterin Anna Louisa Karsch in der Geschichte der deutschen Schriftstellerinnen

A.L.Karsch（1722-92）在西里西亚度过了极其贫穷的少女时代，做过保姆、放牛娃和各种各样的女仆，还和她粗鲁粗俗的丈夫结过两次婚，最后在柏林成为了一名女诗人。为什么可以我们的诗人出版她的“Auserlesene Gedichte”(1763),记录最大销售一本书在整个18世纪,尽管她不拥有任何学校教育最重要的一个媒体的启示programs-one应该成为独立而来的年龄,在康德的词,通过勇气自己使用自己的原因,也是她可以获得德国正字法和标点符号,更不用说文学技巧(艺术)?简而言之，为什么她能成为德语区第一个独立的女作家？从女性历史的角度来看，Karsch应该在哪里找到自己的位置？她所采用的策略，无论是偶然的还是有意的，都是为了克服或逃避她的缺点……更有利的条件是，她几乎没有任何必要的专业实践，比如文学实践，更不用说，她从未接受过任何正式的学校教育——她的策略是断言自己是大自然的孩子，她的天才，大自然或上帝的礼物，从未被任何人为的教育所损害。据她的一位恩人苏尔寿说，天才是通过热情、感情、情感和多愁善感来创造的。Karsch以及她周围的有文化、有教养的男性，也在她的生活和事业中一方面利用了这一时期艺术的潮流。另一方面，腓特烈二世在双重意义上是她的解放者：首先，作为被普鲁士征服的西里西亚离婚的立法者，国王把她从婚姻的枷锁中解放出来——卡尔施是西里西亚平民中第一个离婚的妇女；其次，从她的赤贫中解放出来，因为腓特烈和他的胜利给了她永远有希望的文学素材。Karsch作为一个自然的孩子，一个天赋异禀、感情丰富的神童，同时也是一个为普鲁士爱国的诗人，她可以为自己光荣的一生感到高兴和自豪。卡尔希来自实际上是文盲的社会阶层，因此很难被吸引到启蒙运动中来，可以说，他很快就放弃了启蒙运动，并从启蒙运动转变为强调感情，热情，情感等的天才崇拜，作为启蒙运动的对立面，同时也变成了爱国主义和弗雷德里克崇拜，因此，diat Karsch终于可以做出前所未有的辉煌事业，从社会底层到死的荣誉和尊敬的弗里德里希·人民（e .豪斯曼）。少

A.L.Karsch[in] (1722-92) survived in Silesia her extremely poor girlhood days as a nursemaid, a cowherd girl, and a maid of all works, and also two-time married lives with her rough and vulgar husbands, and ten sie became finally a woman poet in Berlin.1.Why could our poet publish her 》Auserlesene Gedichte《 (1763) which recorded the maximum sales as one book throughout the whole 18th century, although she wasn't blessed with any school educations as one of the most important media of the Enlightment programs-one should become independent and come of age, in Kant's word, by having courage to use his own reason all by himself-, and also she could acquire neither german orthography nor punctuation, to say nothing of literary techniques (arts)? In short, why could she be the first independent woman writer in the German-speaking area?2 Where should Karsch find her place from a view of women's history? The strategy she used, whether by accident or design, in order to overcome or dodge her di … More sadvantageous conditions that she had hardly any necessary professional, i.e.literary practice, far from it, she could never get any formal school educations-the strategy was the assertion that she was a child of nature whose genius, a gift of nature or God was never damaged by any artificial educations. According to Sulzer, one of her benefactors whan she owed her success, a genius creates through enthusiasm, feelings, emotion, and sentimentality. Karsch as well as cultured arid educated men around her also utilized on die one hand such a trend in the arts of the period for her life and career. Frederic II on the other hand was her liberator in double meaning : the king first as a legislator for divorce in Silesia conquered by Prussia liberated her from the yoke of matrimony-Karsch was die first divorced woman in Silesian common people-and secondly from her dire poverty, for Frederic and his victories gave her always promising literary materials. Karsch as a child of nature, a child prodigy provided with genius and full feelings, and also as a patriotic poet for Prussia could keep happy and proud of her honourable life.Karsch who came from the in reality illiterate social class and could be therefore hardly draw into the Enliglitment programm, so to speak, gave it up already very soon and changed from it to die genius cult with emphasis on feelings, enthusiasm, sentments etc set up as an antithesis to the Enlightment as well as into die Patriotism widi die Frederic cult, so diat Karsch could finally make an unprecedented brilliant career from the social bottom to die honour and respect as Friedrichs Volksdichterin (E.Hausmann). Less