Contrastive Research of the Total Vocabularies of Old German Literary Works "Heliand" and "Otfrid"

本研究工作的目的是以统一词典的形式对九世纪德国两部代表性文学作品的总词汇量进行对比。并通过对词汇共性和多样性的分析，探讨两部作品的共同世界观和独特世界观。进一步探讨了传统日耳曼头韵（Heliand）与新出现的拉丁韵（Otfrid）的形式构成原则在词汇多样性上的对应关系。得出的结论如下：“helland”约2840个，“Otfrid”约3490个，其中包括专有名词的共有项目约1240个。它们是基本的词汇形式，反映了他们共同的世界观。不常见的词更为重要：《helland》中有大量英语常用词、名义同义词、复合名词和名词的强化形式。但是“Otfrid”中有大量的复合动词和名词，它们只与押韵位置的介词一起使用。这些被证实的词汇特征明显符合事实：“helland”意在通过一种基于传统日耳曼世界观的旧词汇来传达福音，而“Otfrid”则尽可能地避免使用这种词汇。这些词汇特征也与头韵使用许多名词和押韵同时使用动词和名词的形式结构原则相一致。

The purpose of the present research work is to contrast in the form of a united dictionary the total vocabularies of two representative literary works of ninth century Germany. And the common and the peculiar world-view of both works are probed through an analysis of lexical commonness and diversity. Further it aims to probe into how the lexical diversity corresponds to that of the formal construction principle of the traditional Germanic alliteration on the one Band ("Heliand") and of the newly-arrived Latin rhyme on the other Band ("Otfrid").The conclusion arrived at is as follows : There are ca. 1,240 common items including proper names between ca. 2,840 of "Heliand" and ca. 3,490 of "Otfrid". They are basic vocabulary forms and reflect their common world-view. The uncommon items are more important : "Heliand" has a great deal of words common with English, nominal synonyms, compound nouns and intensive forms of nouns. But "Otfrid" has a great number of compound verbs and nouns used only with prepositions in rhyming positions.The confirmed lexical characteristics clearly correspond to the fact : "Heliand" intended to inform the gospel by means of an old vocabulary based on the traditional Germanic world-view, whereas "Otfrid" tried to avoid such vocabulary as much as he could. The lexical characteristics correspond also to the formal construction principle of the alliteration using many nouns and of the rhyme using both verbs and nouns alike.