Taxonomy and Phylogeny of Dicyemid Mesozoans

双网中生动物的分类学和系统发育

基本信息

批准号：
14540645
负责人：
FURUYA Hidetaka
金额：
$ 2.11万
依托单位：
Osaka University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

(1) Description of new species of dicyemids.Ten new species of dicyemids were described from Sepioteuthis lessoniana, Sepia latimanus, Amphictopus areolatus, A.kagoshimensis, and A.fangsiao in Japanese seas.(2) Phylogenetic and evolutionary studies on dicyemidsThe calotte morphology of dicyemids appears to result from adaptation to the structure of host renal tissues and help to facilitate niche separation of coexisting species.In most dicyemids distinctly small numbers of sperms are produced in a hermaphroditic gonad (infusorigen). The number of eggs and sperms are roughly equal. All inverse proportional relationship exists between the number of infusorigens and that of gametes, suggesting a trade-off between them.The renal organs of 32 species of cephalopods were examined for parasite fauna and for histological comparison. Two phylogenetically distant organisms, dicyemid mesozoans and chromidinid ciliates, were found in 20 cephalopod species. Most benthic cephalopods (octopus and cut … More tlefish) were infected with dicyemids. Dicyemids and chromidinids attach their heads to epithelia or insert their heads into folds of renal appendages, pancreatic appendages, and branchial heart appendages. The rugged and convoluted external surface provides a foothold for dicyemids and chromidinids with a conical head. They apparently do not harm these tissues of their host cephalopods.Cell numbers and cellular composition were examined in infusoriform larvae of 44 species of dicyemid mesozoans belonging to 6 genera ; Conocyema, Dicyema, Dicyemennea, Dicyemodeca, Mocrocyema, and Pseudicyema. Infusoriform larvae consist of a constant cell number which is species-specific. Small interspecific variations are found in total cell numbers, 35, 37, 39, 41, and 42. Most differences in total cell numbers are due to the absence or presence of particular ventral cells. In all infusoriform larvae, the lateral, dorsal and caudal areas are cell constant, whereas in the apical and ventral areas a distinct and variablc configuration of cells are present. Less

（1）描述了新的dicymid物种。从sepiotethis surreniana，sepia latimanus，sepia latimanus，eololatus，eolatus，a.kagoshimensis和a.fangsiao中描述了新的丁香，日本海洋中的新种类。组织并有助于促进共存物种的生态位分离。在大多数二甲基中，雌雄同体的性腺（Infusoorigen）产生了很少的精子。鸡蛋和精子的数量大致相等。所有反对关系的相反关系都存在于输注物的数量和游戏的数量之间，这表明它们之间的权衡。检查了32种头足类动物的肾脏器官是否进行了寄生虫动物群和组织学比较。在20种头足类物种中发现了两个系统发育远处的生物，甲二元中的中龙和染色体纤毛。大多数底栖头足动物（章鱼和切割……更多的tle鱼）都被甲酰胺剂感染。 dicymids和Chromidinids将其头部固定在上皮上，或将其头部插入肾脏附属物，胰腺附属物和分支心脏附属物中。坚固且曲折的外表面为甲状腺素和染色体提供了圆锥形头的立足点。他们显然不会损害其宿主头足动物的这些组织。细胞数和细胞组成在44种属于6属的双肌动物中龙菌中的注射状幼虫中进行了检查。 Conocyema，Dicyema，Dicyemennea，Dicyemodeca，Mocrocyema和Pseudicyema。注射型幼虫由特定于特异性的恒定细胞数组成。在总细胞数量为35、37、39、41和42中发现了种间的小变化。总细胞数的大多数差异是由于缺乏或存在特定的腹侧细胞所致。在所有注射型幼虫中，侧面，背和尾端是细胞常数，而在顶端和腹侧区域中存在明显的细胞构型。较少的