Study on the morphological equilibrium condition on river mouths and tidal inlets

河口及入潮口形态平衡条件研究

• 批准号: 14550506
• 负责人: MANO Akira
• 金额: $ 2.24万
• 依托单位: Tohoku University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2002 至 2004
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14550506/
• 关键词: river mouths; morphological equilibrium; tidal inlets; littoral drift; tidal current; river flow; 湖汐流; 砂州; 閉塞

River mouths and tidal inlets in sandy beaches develop sand spits by trapping littoral drift. Since narrowing of the channels often causes obstruction of flood passage or navigation, appropriate control of the channels is one of the important subjects in coastal management. The aim of this study is to find the universal condition of the morphology equilibrium for the channels in order to serve the management.Morphological development is quantified by the sediment budget with the sediment supply from littoral drift and sediment removal by river and tidal flows. The equilibrium condition is theoretically derived as the balance of the supply and removal and is equivalent with the stationary condition of the morphology. The dimensionless channel width in equilibrium is expressed as a function of two dimensionless parameters, Φ_R and Φ_T which proportional to the relative importance of the sediment removals by the fiver flows and tidal flows to the sediment supply respectively.This equilibrium condition on the river mouths is verified by the field data. The Indonesian rivers, Opac, Serayu, Wawar, Tipar, and Bogowanot, which all face the Indian Ocean in the south coast of Jawa Island and prone to close in the dry season for the high wave, were examined. Six major rivers in Japan were also examined.The condition was also examined for the tidal inlets in the Pacific, Atlantic and Gulf coasts in USA. The equilibrium condition derived here is shown to be universal and to unify the river mouths and tidal inlets.

沙质海滩的河口和潮汐入口通过捕获沿岸漂流物而形成沙沫。由于河道变窄往往会造成洪水通行或通航的阻碍，因此对河道的合理控制是海岸管理的重要课题之一。本研究的目的是找出河道形态平衡的普遍条件，以便为管理服务。形态发展是通过泥沙收支来量化的，泥沙收支包括沿岸漂沙供应和河流和潮汐的移沙作用。从理论上推导出平衡条件为供给量和供给量的平衡，与形态的平稳条件等效。平衡状态下的无量纲河道宽度表示为两个无量纲参数Φ_R和Φ_T的函数，这两个参数分别与河流和潮汐对输沙量的相对重要性成正比。这一平衡条件在河口处得到了实测资料的验证。印度尼西亚的河流，Opac, Serayu, Wawar， Tipar和Bogowanot，都在爪哇岛南海岸面向印度洋，在旱季的高潮时容易关闭。日本的6条主要河流也进行了检查。对美国太平洋、大西洋和墨西哥湾沿岸的潮汐入口也进行了考察。由此得出的平衡条件具有普适性，可以统一河口和潮汐入口。

项目成果

富樫 昇, 真野 明: "阿武隈川の洪水時の浮遊土砂輸送"水工論文集. 48. 949-954 (2004)

Noboru Togashi、Akira Mano：“阿武隈河洪水期间的悬浮沉积物输送”水利工程杂志 48. 949-954 (2004)。

Equilibrium condition for the narrowest cross section of major river mouths with sand spit

沙嘴主要河口最窄断面的平衡条件

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: Proceedings of Coastal Engineering 51
• 作者: T.Sato;T.Suprijo;A.Mano
• 通讯作者: A.Mano

河口砂州を有する主な河川の最狭開口部平衡条件

河口沙洲主要河流最窄开口的平衡条件

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: 海岸工学論文集 51
• 作者: 佐藤 智照

Equilibrium condition at the narrowest section of the major rivers with sand spits

主要河流沙嘴最窄段的平衡状况

• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: APAC 2005
• 作者: Y.Adikari;S. Kikuchi;and T.Araya;長濱嘉孝;小林 亨;清水収・米津仁司・都築一憲・山下彰司;Kiyoshi Soyano;清水収;Yasuhisa Kobayashi;Sato T.
• 通讯作者: Sato T.

Hiroyasu Kato, Akira Mano: "Flood runoff model on one kilometer mesh for the Upper Chang Jiang River"International Conference of GIS and Remote Sensing in Hydrology, Water Resources and Environment. 156-163 (2003)

Hiroyasu Kato、Akira Mano：“长江上游一公里网格洪水径流模型”水文、水资源与环境GIS与遥感国际会议。