Realization of new quantum degenerate system of rare-earth Yb atoms and its new development

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Ytterbium atoms attract much attention from fundamental research such as parity and time-reversal symmetry violation to the application such as optical frequency standard. We have studied experimentally quantum degenerate gases such as Bose-Einstein Condensation (BEC) and Fermi Degeneracy of dilute atomic gases of Ytterbium atoms.So far, we achieved stable formation of 174Yb BEC by optimizing high-density optical trapping and evaporative cooling. The number of atoms in BEC is increased by a factor of 10 to 50,000.We also obtained high phase space density more than 1 for 176Yb by sympathetic cooling.In addition, we realized Fermi Degeneracy of Yb fermionic isotopes (^<171>Yb,^<173>Yb). To overcome the suppression of elastic collision between identical fermions, we successfully applied sympathetic cooling with bosonic isotopes 174Yb in the case of 171Yb cooling and the evaporative cooling for the 6 spin mixtures in the case of 173Yb, which resulted in the cooling below Fermi temperature.In addition, we successfully performed high-resolution photoassociation spectroscopy using intercombination line, and obtained important information about scattering length of 174Yb.