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Dinoflagellate cyst taphonomy based on a sediment trap experiment

基于沉积物陷阱实验的甲藻包囊埋藏学

基本信息

批准号：
15340177
负责人：
MATSUOKA Kazumi
金额：
$ 5.57万
依托单位：
Nagasaki University Institute for East China Sea Research
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15340177/
关键词：
dinoflagellate dinoflagellate cyst taphonomy sediment trap heterotrophic species autotrophic species y germination experiment Omura Bay セディメントトラップ発芽培養実験 Protoperidinium 単細胞PCR シスト

项目摘要

1)Seasonal Change of dinoflagellate cyst fluxSediment trap samples were harvested bimonthly from 1998 to 2005 and examined to better understand the species composition and seasonal variation of dinoflagellate cyst flux in Omura Bay in Japan. Samples living cyst flux clearly showed seasonal variation with the higher flux number between autumn and winter. In total, 43 different cyst taxa were recorded and these were composed of two different ecological groups. The first group included Protoperidinium compressum and P.subinerme, which increased every autumn to winter. The second group included Gonyaulax spp. and Pheopolykrikos hartmannii, and was trapped throughout the year. These two groups manifested the different flux patterns, and were respectively heterotrophic and autotrophic in nutrition. In the heterotrophic group, protoperidinioid cysts were dominant. Vegetative cells of protoperidinioid are known to feed mainly diatoms. Sample diatom flux also increased autumn to winter. Therefo … More re, the increase of protoperidinioid cysts in autumn to winter was observed to correlate with diatom blooms. On the other hand, autotrophic group mostly consisting of Gonyaulacoid cysts were observed throughout the year in general, however occurrence seasons of these cysts were different. Probably they can respond to favorable environmental conditions. This strongly suggested that the different behavior in cyst production is closely related to different nutrition.2)Cyst incubation experiment for establishing cyst-motile form relationshipThe heterotrophic armored dinoflagellate Protoperidinium thulesense has an unusual combination of morphological characters, i.e. the thecal plate arrangement of the motile cell resembles a typical Protoperidinium, whereas the shape and archeopyle of the cyst are like the diplopsalids. We have re-examined the cyst-motile relationship of P.thulesense by cyst incubation and thecal plate analysis together with a molecular phylogenetic study based on SSU rDNA sequences. Five isolates of P.thulesense, including motile cells and cysts from Omura Bay, and three Protoperidinium and three diplopsalid species were examined by using the single cell PCR method. The thecal plate arrangement of the motile cells isolated from field samples and those germinated from cysts were identical. The plate formula was ; Po, X, 3', 3a, 7", 3+tc, 4s, 5"', 2"". The cysts of P.thulesense were round and brown with a theropylic archeopyle, and rather similar to the diplopsalid species. Less

1)为了更好地了解日本大村湾甲藻孢囊通量的种类组成和季节变化，于1998 - 2005年每两个月采集一次沉积物诱捕器样品，并对其进行了检查。样品生活囊通量明显表现出季节性变化，秋季和冬季之间的较高通量数。总共记录了43个不同的孢囊分类群，它们由两个不同的生态群组成。第一类为扁原多甲藻和细多甲藻，每年秋季至冬季均有增加。第二组包括膝沟藻属（Gonyaulax spp.）和Pheopolykrikos hartmannii，全年被困。这两个类群表现出不同的营养通量模式，分别为异养和自养。在异养组中，原甲藻样囊肿占主导地位。原甲藻的营养细胞主要以硅藻为食。样品硅藻通量也增加秋季到冬季。特雷福 ...更多信息秋季至冬季原甲藻孢囊数量的增加与硅藻水华的发生有关。另一方面，以膝沟孢囊为主要成分的自养类群，一般全年都有出现，但其出现的季节不同。也许它们能对有利的环境条件作出反应。2）建立孢囊-运动型关系的孢囊培养实验图氏原多甲藻（Protoperidiniumthulesense）具有独特的形态学特征，运动细胞的膜板排列类似于典型的原多甲藻，而孢囊的形状和古孢子类似于复叶藻。本研究通过孢囊孵育、鞘板分析以及基于SSU rDNA序列的分子系统学研究，重新探讨了苏云金杆菌的孢囊运动关系。采用单细胞PCR方法对大村湾的5个图勒氏原甲藻分离物、3个原甲藻分离物和3个复叶甲藻分离物进行了检测。从田间样品中分离的运动细胞和从孢囊中萌发的运动细胞的膜板排列是相同的。塔板分子式为：Po，X，3 '，3a，7”，3+tc，4s，5“'，2”"。图勒拟青霉的孢囊呈圆形、棕色，具一个兽型古孢子，与复叶类的孢囊非常相似。少