Ecosystem ecology of the polyphenols that link herbivory defense with a detritus food chain in a forest

本研究的目的是调查多酚，这是由植物产生的次生代谢产物，在完整的落叶层-凋落物-土壤循环，及其生态系统的后果，在森林生态系统中。用DAX-8树脂从土壤水中提取了一种疏水性的可溶性有机质。疏水组分中的蛋白质用6 N HCl在120℃下水解，并在HPLC上测定氨基酸的浓度。从两个万年青阔叶林的土壤养分状况的对比收集的方法表明，一贯较高的浓度发生在营养贫乏的森林溶解总酚，溶解蛋白质的浓度与溶解酚的浓度呈显著正相关，表明多酚-蛋白质复合物的存在。前一种模式似乎是由一致的浓度较高的缩合单宁在完整的叶子在营养贫乏的森林。加入土壤微生物并接种后，植物合成的多酚-蛋白质复合物具有极强的抑制作用。表层土壤收集从下面的五棵树，每一个从五个品种的广泛的多酚变化表现出显着的正相关性多酚氧化酶活性和总酚浓度。上述结果表明，树木产生的多酚与土壤或土壤水中的蛋白质结合，形成一种稳定的物质，并影响随后的土壤氮素循环。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the flow of polyphenols, that were produced by plants as secondary metabolites, in the loop of intact leaves-litter-soils, and their ecosystem consequences in a forest ecosystem. A hydrophobic fraction of dissolved organic matter was extracted from soil water with DAX-8 resin. The protein included in the hydrophobic fraction was hydrolyzed with 6N HCl et 120℃, and the concentrations of amino acids were determined on a HPLC. The methods applied to the soil water collected from two evergreen broad-leaved forests of contrasting soil nutrient status suggested that consistently greater concentrations of dissolved total phenolics occurred in the nutrient-poor forest, and that the concentration of dissolved protein was significantly positively correlated with the concentration of dissolved phenolics, suggesting the existence of polyphenol-protein complexes. The former pattern appeared to be caused by the consistently grater concentrations of condensed tannin in intact leaves in the nutrient-poor forest. Artificially synthesized polyphenol-protein complexes were extremely recalcitrant when soil microbes were added and inoculated. Surface soils collected from underneath five trees each from five species of wide polyphenol variability demonstrated a significant positive correlation between polyphenol-oxidase activities and total-phenolics concentrations. The above findings suggested that the polyphenols produced by trees were bound with protein in soils or in soil water to form a recalcitrant matter, and affected a subsequent soil nitrogen cycle.