Biodiversity Conservation in Conifer Plantations

1)调查了九州南部不同林分属性（林龄、邻近林分类型、经营历史、立地环境）杉木人工林中物种的特征生境、种子传播类型和生命形式。在此基础上，模拟了不同管理方案的效果，评价了不同管理策略的节约效率。结果表明，延长采伐年龄或改变空间布局等长期管理策略对保护晚生林种具有重要意义，而间伐等短期管理措施效率较低。这些预测在小规模或带状砍伐系统促进的不均匀年龄森林的实地调查中得到检验。2)利用传感器相机对野生动物生境利用情况进行了调查。结果表明，景观结构对野生动物保护的影响比林分结构的影响更大，表明在管理的森林景观中，景观管理对野生动物保护的重要性。利用PLFA技术对针叶林土壤微生物多样性进行了研究，揭示了当前林分结构和土地利用方式对土壤微生物多样性的影响。3)通过野外观测、遥感和实验伐后撂荒，从再生源的角度评价了暖温带针叶林人工林林下植被的作用。结果表明，提前更新比埋埋活种对成功恢复的贡献更大。4)研究了天然林中树木的分布与微地形的关系，提供了保护目标模型。利用gis获取的宏观尺度信息估算了重要树种和植被类型的潜在分布。

1)Occurrence of plant species in sugi plantations of different stand attributes (such as stand age, adjacent stand type, management history, site environment) were investigated in southern Kyushu with respect to species' characteristic habitat, type of seed dispersal and life form. Based on this analysis effect of different management scenarios were simulated to evaluate the conservation efficiency of different management strategies. The result suggested the importance of long-term management strategy such as prolonging the cutting age or altering the spatial arrangement, but inefficiency of short-term practices such as thinning for conservation of late-seral forest species. These predictions were examined in the field survey of uneven-aged forest promoted by small-scale or strip clearcutting systems.2)Habitat use of wildlife was investigated by using sensor cameras. The results indicated a strong influence of landscape structure rather than of stand structure, suggesting the importance of landscape management for the conservation of wildlife in managed forest landscapes. Diversity of soil microbials in conifer plantation was also investigated using the PLFA technique, indicating the influence of both current stand structure and former land use.3)The role of understory vegetation of conifer plantations in a warm-temperate region was evaluated from the view pint of regeneration source after logging in reforestation-abandoned sites by field observation, remote-sensing and experimental abandoning after clearcutting. The results suggested the great contribution of advanced regeneration rather than buried viable seeds for successful recovery of lucidophyllus forest.4)Distribution of trees in natural forest were investigated in relation to micro-topography to provide the model of conservation goal. Potential distribution of important tree species and vegetation types were estimated based on GIS-derived macro-scale information.