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Selection of available weedy plants as a cover plant on slope and their function of soil erosion prevention.

坡地覆盖植物可用杂草植物的选择及其防治水土流失的作用

基本信息

批准号：
15380166
负责人：
ADACHI Tadashi
金额：
$ 9.02万
依托单位：
OKAYAMA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15380166/
关键词：
Slope land Cover plants Life form Soil erosion Water erosion Surface runoff Action of soil formation Neutralization effects of acidity of rain 土壌浸食

项目摘要

From a viewpoint of the difference of the life form of a cover plant, we evaluated the effect which the life form of a cover plant on slope exerts on soil erosion prevention. It measured the surface runoff and the soil loss for every rain on slope composed of Masa soil with 10 inclinations, which the introductory board and water tank were installed in the lower end of the examination frame of 2m (W) x 5m (L). We set up five plots. Four of these plots were a cover plant plots vegetated with Cynondon dactylon Pers., Dichondra repens Forest and Artemisia princes Pampan, from which it is thought that the adaptation power to severe environment is high, and a life form differs. The other one was a bare surface plot as a control plot. The obtained results were as follows.(1)The dangerous rainy season is in May-November. Even when it is little year precipitation, if the frequency of rain such as more than 3mm/lOmin is high, the amount of soil loss increased.(2)Although the amount of soil loss … More of a bare surface plot was the full limits of the maximum permissible dose of our country, in a Artemisia princes plot and Cynondon dactylon plot, it is the amount of soil loss below the maximum permissible dose. Therefore the effect of a cover plant on the soil erosion prevention on slope was able to check and quantify it. Among the species, Artemisia princes, straight life form, was excellent. This tendency was also the same of the following phenomena.(3)It was shown clearly that increase of the amount of penetration of rain into soil and reduction of surface runoff occurred because of increase of the soil vacancy by the root system and also increase of the soil coarse vacancy by formation of soil aggregate due to humus.(4)CEC of soil increased with increase of humus, and there are the further development of soil structure and an effect of improving soil environment to the suitable habitat for growth of a cover plant.(5)The pH neutralization effect of the acid rain by a cover plant was accepted, and not only the soil erosion prevention effect but the effect which mitigates the influence of the ecosystem on air environment deterioration has been checked. Less

从地被植物生活型差异的角度，评价了坡面地被植物生活型对水土流失的防治作用。在2 m（W）x 5 m（L）的试验架下端安装了引导板和水箱的10个倾斜度的Masa土组成的斜坡上，测量了每次降雨的地表径流和土壤流失。我们设置了五个地块。其中四个地块是覆盖植物地块，种植了Cynondon dactylon nerve。马蹄金和蒿属植物对恶劣环境的适应能力强，是一种不同的生活型。另一个是裸地作为对照地。所得结果如下。（1）危险的雨季在5月至11月。即使在降水量较少的年份，如果降雨频率大于3 mm/10 min，土壤流失量也会增加。（2）虽然土壤流失量 ...更多信息裸地表样地的土壤流失量为我国最大允许剂量的全部限值，而蒿地和狗牙根地的土壤流失量低于最大允许剂量。因此，地被植物对坡面土壤侵蚀的防护效果可以进行检验和量化，其中直生型的蒿属植物的防护效果最好。这种趋势也是以下现象的相同之处。(3)It结果表明，由于根系增加了土壤孔隙度，同时由于腐殖土形成团聚体，增加了土壤粗孔隙度，从而增加了降雨入土量，减少了地表径流量。（4）土壤阳离子交换量随腐殖质含量的增加而增加，对地被植物适宜生长的生境有进一步发展土壤结构和改善土壤环境的作用。（5）通过地被植物对酸雨pH值的中和作用，验证了地被植物的防水土流失作用和减轻生态系统对大气环境恶化影响的作用。少