Selection of available weedy plants as a cover plant on slope and their function of soil erosion prevention.

从盖层植物生活型差异的角度，评价了坡面盖层植物生活型在土壤侵蚀防治中的作用。在2m(W)×5m(L)的检验架下端安装导流板和水箱，测量了由10个倾角的马砂土组成的坡面上的地表径流和每一次降雨的土壤流失量。我们设置了五块地。其中4个样地为覆被植物样地，植被为狗牙根、马蹄金森林和艾草，认为它们对恶劣环境的适应能力较强，生活型不同。另一种是裸露地表地块，作为对照地块。主要研究结果如下：(1)5-11月为危险雨季。即使在年降雨量较少的情况下，如果降雨频率超过3 mm/10min，土壤流失量也会增加。(2)虽然土壤流失量…裸露地块更多的是我国允许的最大剂量的最大限度，在青蒿地和狗牙根地块，是指土壤流失量低于最大允许剂量。因此，覆被植物对坡面土壤侵蚀的防治效果可以进行检验和量化。在这些物种中，直立的生命形式的蒿属王子是最好的。(3)根系增加土壤空隙和腐殖质形成土壤团聚体增加土壤粗粒空隙，使土壤入渗量增加，地表径流减少。(4)土壤CEC随腐殖质的增加而增加，土壤结构的进一步发展和土壤环境的改善对覆被植物生长的适宜生境有一定的影响。(5)覆被植物对酸雨的pH中和作用是可以接受的。不仅对土壤侵蚀的防治效果进行了检验，而且对缓解生态系统对大气环境恶化的影响的效果进行了检验。较少

From a viewpoint of the difference of the life form of a cover plant, we evaluated the effect which the life form of a cover plant on slope exerts on soil erosion prevention. It measured the surface runoff and the soil loss for every rain on slope composed of Masa soil with 10 inclinations, which the introductory board and water tank were installed in the lower end of the examination frame of 2m (W) x 5m (L). We set up five plots. Four of these plots were a cover plant plots vegetated with Cynondon dactylon Pers., Dichondra repens Forest and Artemisia princes Pampan, from which it is thought that the adaptation power to severe environment is high, and a life form differs. The other one was a bare surface plot as a control plot. The obtained results were as follows.(1)The dangerous rainy season is in May-November. Even when it is little year precipitation, if the frequency of rain such as more than 3mm/lOmin is high, the amount of soil loss increased.(2)Although the amount of soil loss … More of a bare surface plot was the full limits of the maximum permissible dose of our country, in a Artemisia princes plot and Cynondon dactylon plot, it is the amount of soil loss below the maximum permissible dose. Therefore the effect of a cover plant on the soil erosion prevention on slope was able to check and quantify it. Among the species, Artemisia princes, straight life form, was excellent. This tendency was also the same of the following phenomena.(3)It was shown clearly that increase of the amount of penetration of rain into soil and reduction of surface runoff occurred because of increase of the soil vacancy by the root system and also increase of the soil coarse vacancy by formation of soil aggregate due to humus.(4)CEC of soil increased with increase of humus, and there are the further development of soil structure and an effect of improving soil environment to the suitable habitat for growth of a cover plant.(5)The pH neutralization effect of the acid rain by a cover plant was accepted, and not only the soil erosion prevention effect but the effect which mitigates the influence of the ecosystem on air environment deterioration has been checked. Less