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Selection of available weedy plants as a cover plant on slope and their function of soil erosion prevention.

坡地覆盖植物可用杂草植物的选择及其防治水土流失的作用

基本信息

批准号：
15380166
负责人：
ADACHI Tadashi
金额：
$ 9.02万
依托单位：
OKAYAMA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15380166/
关键词：
Slope land Cover plants Life form Soil erosion Water erosion Surface runoff Action of soil formation Neutralization effects of acidity of rain 土壌浸食

项目摘要

From a viewpoint of the difference of the life form of a cover plant, we evaluated the effect which the life form of a cover plant on slope exerts on soil erosion prevention. It measured the surface runoff and the soil loss for every rain on slope composed of Masa soil with 10 inclinations, which the introductory board and water tank were installed in the lower end of the examination frame of 2m (W) x 5m (L). We set up five plots. Four of these plots were a cover plant plots vegetated with Cynondon dactylon Pers., Dichondra repens Forest and Artemisia princes Pampan, from which it is thought that the adaptation power to severe environment is high, and a life form differs. The other one was a bare surface plot as a control plot. The obtained results were as follows.(1)The dangerous rainy season is in May-November. Even when it is little year precipitation, if the frequency of rain such as more than 3mm/lOmin is high, the amount of soil loss increased.(2)Although the amount of soil loss … More of a bare surface plot was the full limits of the maximum permissible dose of our country, in a Artemisia princes plot and Cynondon dactylon plot, it is the amount of soil loss below the maximum permissible dose. Therefore the effect of a cover plant on the soil erosion prevention on slope was able to check and quantify it. Among the species, Artemisia princes, straight life form, was excellent. This tendency was also the same of the following phenomena.(3)It was shown clearly that increase of the amount of penetration of rain into soil and reduction of surface runoff occurred because of increase of the soil vacancy by the root system and also increase of the soil coarse vacancy by formation of soil aggregate due to humus.(4)CEC of soil increased with increase of humus, and there are the further development of soil structure and an effect of improving soil environment to the suitable habitat for growth of a cover plant.(5)The pH neutralization effect of the acid rain by a cover plant was accepted, and not only the soil erosion prevention effect but the effect which mitigates the influence of the ecosystem on air environment deterioration has been checked. Less

从覆盖植物生命形态的差异性出发，评价了坡面覆盖植物生命形态对土壤侵蚀的防治作用。在10个坡度的马沙土组成的斜坡上，测量每次降雨的地表径流量和土壤流失量，该斜坡的导流板和水箱安装在2m (W) x 5m (L)的检测框架的下端。我们设置了五个地块。其中4个样地为覆盖植物样地，种植有梭子蟹。Dichondra repens Forest和Artemisia princes Pampan，认为它们对恶劣环境的适应能力较高，是一种不同的生命形式。另一个是一个裸露表面的地块作为对照地块。所得结果如下：危险的雨季在5月至11月。即使在年降水量少的情况下，如果超过3mm/ lmin的降雨频率高，土壤流失量也会增加。(2)虽然土壤流失量…较多的是光面地块是我国最大允许剂量的完全限值，但在王蒿地块和青爪草地块，土壤流失量是低于最大允许剂量的。因此，覆盖植物对坡面土壤侵蚀的防治效果能够得到检验和量化。在这些物种中，直立的王子蒿是最优秀的。这一趋势也与以下现象相同。(3)降雨入土量的增加和地表径流的减少是由于根系增加了土壤空缺和腐殖质形成的土壤团聚体增加了土壤粗空缺。(4)土壤CEC随腐殖质的增加而增加，土壤结构的进一步发展和土壤环境的改善对被盖植物生长的适宜生境有一定的影响。(5)被覆盖植物对酸雨的pH中和作用被接受，不仅对土壤侵蚀有预防作用，而且对生态系统对大气环境恶化的影响也有缓解作用。少