Search for high energy cosmic neutrinos by the Ice Cube Neutrino Observatory

我们已作出重大承诺，在南极站建造冰立方中微子观测站。在实验室建立了光传感器均匀性、电荷响应和绝对量子效率的标定装置。大约1000个光电倍增管，以检测切伦科夫光在深冰的顺序已被校准和表征。所有的校准结果，包括参数值，以表征其信号响应已通过网站提供，并提供给模拟过程。为了减少粒子能量测量中的系统不确定性，我们建立了完全校准的标准参考探测器，并在实验室中进行了充分的表征。在2005-2006赛季，16个这样的参考探测器组装的赠款的财政支持。其中一部分是在2006年极地夏季部署的，其余的将在明年部署。这些探测器的数据为理解探测事件的能量尺度提供了重要的工具，我们充分研究了极高能中微子和次级粒子在地球中的传播，从而精确计算了IceCube深冰阵列深度处轻子的预期强度和能量分布。我们进行了蒙特卡罗模拟来预测宇宙中微子的各种模型的事件率。总之，我们现在已经完全准备好分析来自IceCube中微子天文台的即将到来的数据。在该基金的支持下，所有与探测器和软件有关的研发工作都已完成。第一次物理分析计划于2007年出版。

We have made significant commitments on construction of the IceCube neutrino observatory at the South pole station. We built calibration apparatus to measure the uniformity, the charge response and the absolute quantum efficiencies of the optical sensors in the laboratory. Approximately an order of 1000 photomultipliers to detection Cherenkov light in a deep-ice has been calibrated and characterized. All the calibration results including the parameter values to characterize their signal response has been available via website and available to the simulation process. The relevant detector simulation has also been developed and now in use for the data analysis.In order to reduce the systematic uncertainties in determination of particle energy, we built absolutely calibrated standard reference detectors being fully characterized in the laboratory. During 2005-2006 seasons, 16 of such reference detectors were assembled by the financial support of the grant. A have of them was deployed in the polar summer of 2006, a rest of them will be in deployment next year. The data from these detectors provides important tools to understand the energy scale of the detected events.We have fully investigated propagation of the extremely- high energy neutrinos and the secondary particles in the earth so that the expected intensity and the energy distribution of the leptons at the depth of the IceCube deep-ice array can be accurately calculated. The Mote Carlo simulation was carried out to predict the event rate for the various models of cosmic neutrinos.In summary we are now fully prepared to analyze the up-coming data from the IceCube neutrino observatory. All the R＆D's concerning the detectors and the softwares have been completed with the support of the grant. The first physics analysis is scheduled to be published during year of 2007.