Study on cognitive deterioration in Vision and touch with aging, and its compensation and prosthesis …for Productive Aging…

本研究从视觉和触觉两个方面对老年人和视力障碍者的认知功能进行了检测，结果表明：（1）视力：（2）老年人的对比敏感度可作为白内障手术的判断标准。(3)日常行为将成为视力障碍老年人生活质量的评价指标。(4)随着模拟低视力的出现，日常行为的困难逐渐增加，尤其是分辨阴影和真实的物体的困难。(5)触觉：（1）开发了新的图形信息触觉显示器，并将视觉信息转换为触觉信息。(2)在触觉视运动中，目标的大小仅在运动相位的SOA范围内被区分。(3)触觉变化盲与视觉变化盲在许多重要方面存在显著差异，且存在于双手之间。(4)视觉与触觉的交叉模式：（1）视觉位置信息使触觉变化检测反应时缩短，记忆广度增加; (2)粗糙度的歧视促进了视觉信息。

Cognitive performance of aged person and person with visual deficit was examined in vision and touch.Results were summarized as follows.Vision: (1) Readability and categorical color perception was deteriorated with aging (2) Contrast Sensitibity of aged person will be criterion of surgery for cataract. (3) Daily Behavior will be criterion of QOL for aged person with visual deficit. (4) Difficulties of daily behavior was gradually increased with simmurated low vision, especially to distinguish shadow with real object. (5) Visibility and visual attention was deteriorated in various traffic environment.Touch: (1) New tactile display for graphical information was developed and visual information was converted to tactile information. (2) In tactile apparent movement, the size of target was discriminated only in range of SOA of movement phase. (3) Change blindness in touch was remarkably different from in vision in various important aspects, and it was found between both hand. (4) Yoked mode will be effective for visual sensory substitution by touch.Cross-modarity between vision and touch: (1) Reaction time for tactile change detection was decreased and memory span was increased with visual information of position. (2) Discrimination of roughness was facilitated with visual information.