Study on Momentum Exchange Impact Damper

本研究提出一种利用动量交换式冲击阻尼器来控制冲压机与建筑物地板之冲击的方法。这种方法是基于两个碰撞物体的动量守恒。冲击阻尼器由一个与冲压机床身或底板直接接触的质量块和一个弹簧及一个阻尼器组成。1.冲压机研制了一套带有动量交换式冲击阻尼器的冲压机实验装置。从理论上分析了机器对地面的传力和机器的振动。理论预测与实验结果吻合较好。结果表明，采用冲击阻尼器比传统的浮基方法更有效。如果质量在冲击之前被迫使到床，则冲击阻尼器可以更有效。这是由电磁铁所提供的预载所造成的。2.建筑物楼板动量交换楼板实验装置 ...更多信息 制造了GE冲击减振器。地板是由混凝土板上的亚克力板制成的。地板由板上的四根柱子支撑。通过荷载传感器、麦克风和频率分析仪测量了柱的传递力和板下房间内的声音。研究了阻尼器与楼板质量比对传递力和传递声的影响。理论分析表明，计算结果与实验结果吻合较好。结果表明，该分析方法可用于设计减震器，减震器的传力途径有两种，一种是通过柱传力，另一种是通过楼板与楼板之间的空气传力。前者称为固体出生力，后者称为空气出生力。一般来说，固体产生的力大于空气产生的力。研究结果表明，当楼板与楼板之间的距离较小时，气载力的影响较大，在设计冲击阻尼器时应考虑气载力的影响。少

This research proposes an impact control method for a stamping press machine and floor of building using a momentum exchange impact damper. This method is based on momentum conservation of two colliding bodies. The impact damper is composed of a mass which has a direct contact with the bed of stamping press or the floor and is supported by a spring and a dashpot.1.Stamping press machineAn experimental apparatus of stamping press machine with a momentum exchange impact damper was produced. The theoretical analyses of the transferred force to the ground and the vibration of machine were carried out. The theoretical predictions agreed well with the experimental results. It was shown that the impact damper was more effective than the conventional floating base method. The impact damper could be more effective if the mass was forced to the bed before the impact. This was made by a preload given by an electro-magnet.2.Floor of buildingAn experimental apparatus of floor with a momentum exchan … More ge impact damper was produced. The floor was made of an acryl plate on a concrete slab. The floor was supported by four columns on the slab. The transfer force to the column and the sound in a room below the slab were measured by means of load sensors, a microphone and a frequency analyzer. The transfer force and the sound were investigated with respect to the mass ratio of damper and floor. The theoretical analyses were also carried out and the calculated results agreed well with the experimental results. It was shown that the impact damper could be designed by this analytical method.There are two routes of transfer force, one is via columns and the other is via air between the floor and the slab. The former is called as the solid-born force and the latter is called as the air-born force. In general, the solid-born force is larger than the air-born force. However, it was shown that when the distance between the floor and the slab was small, the air-born force had a significant role and the design of the impact damper should consider the air-born force. Less