Studies on the optimum transmission of speech and acoustic information in public spaces-For universal design of acoustic environment-

公共空间语音和声学信息优化传输研究-声环境通用设计-

• 批准号: 16360292
• 负责人: MORIMOTO Masayuki
• 金额: $ 4.74万
• 依托单位: Kobe University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2004 至 2006
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16360292/
• 关键词: public space; speech transmission performance; listening difficulty; universal design; elderly person; word familiarity

The goal of the present study is to optimize transmission of speech and acoustic information in public spaces, with consideration of the design to achieve optimal conditions for everyone, that is, universal design. The summaries of the results of the present study are as follows.1. Actual measurements of environmental sounds in public spacesTo clarify the method for estimating acoustical characteristics of background noise, actual measurements at subway stations and an airport were performed. The results showed that: (1) A-weighted equivalent sound level and frequency characteristics of background noise in subway stations can be roughly estimated by numbers of passengers per day. (2) Acoustical characteristics of the airport measured in the present study were similar to that of medium-scale subway stations.2. Evaluation of speech transmission performance using “listening difficulty ratings"“Listening difficulty ratings," which is a subjective measure of speech transmission performance, is suggested in the present study. The result of listening tests demonstrates that listening difficulty ratings can evaluate speech transmission performance more sensitively than existing subjective measures. The results of other several listening tests showed that: (1) spatial characteristics of sounds did not affect listening difficulty. (2) Usual acoustical objective measures can estimate listening difficulty ratings. (3) The optimal speech levels for both the young and the aged were found in reverberant and noisy sound fields tested in the present study.3. Fundamental studies on familiarity of words used in announcements in public spacesFamiliarity of words actually used in announcements in public spaces was surveyed. The results showed that the familiarity of words used in live announcements seemed to be lower than that used in the examples of announcement which are listed on announcement manuals.

本研究的目标是优化公共空间中语音和声学信息的传播，并考虑设计以实现每个人的最优条件，即通用设计。本文的研究结果总结如下：为了阐明背景噪声声学特性的估算方法，我们在地铁站和机场进行了实际测量。结果表明：(1)地铁车站背景噪声的a加权等效声级和频率特性可通过日客流量粗略估算。(2)本研究测量的机场声学特性与中型地铁车站相似。“听力难度评分”是一种衡量语音传输能力的主观指标，本研究建议使用“听力难度评分”来评价语音传输能力。听力测试结果表明，听力困难等级比现有的主观测量方法更能灵敏地评价语音传输能力。其他几项听力测试结果表明：(1)声音的空间特征对听力困难没有影响。(2)通常的声学客观测量可以估计听力难度等级。(3)本研究在混响声场和嘈杂声场中均发现了年轻人和老年人的最佳言语水平。公共空间广播词汇熟悉度的基础研究对公共空间广播中实际使用词汇的熟悉度进行了调查。结果表明，现场公告中使用的词汇熟悉度似乎低于公告手册中列出的公告示例中使用的词汇。

项目成果

Objective measures for estimating listening difficulty ratings for young and elderly listeners in public spaces

评估公共场所年轻和老年听众听力难度等级的客观措施

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: Proceedings of WESPAC IX, Seoul, Korea (CD-ROM)
• 作者: Tomoyasu;Takaoka;Masayuki Morimoto;Hayalo Sato
• 通讯作者: Hayalo Sato

Acoustic characteristics of background noise at subway stations

地铁车站背景噪声声学特性

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: Proceedings of WESPAC IX, Seoul, Korea (CD-ROM)
• 作者: Tomoyasu;Takaoka;Masayuki Morimoto;Hayalo Sato;Yutaka Ohnishi
• 通讯作者: Yutaka Ohnishi

公共空間の環境音の空間特性に関する基礎的研究-両耳間相関度の分析-

公共空间环境声音空间特征基础研究-耳间相关性分析-

• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: 日本建築学会近畿支部研究報告集(環境系) 第45号
• 作者: Hayato;Sato;高岡 知康;大西 豊;佐藤 逸人;仙波 祐一;Hayato Sato;大西 豊
• 通讯作者: 大西 豊

Effects of aging on word intelligibility and listening difficulty in various reverberant fields

老化对各种混响场中单词清晰度和听力难度的影响

• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 121
• 作者: 武田清香;長野克則;中山一樹;嶋倉一實;中村卓司;K.Nagano et al.;K.Nagano et al.;K.Nagano et al.;K.Nagano et al.;S.Takeda.et al.;Masaaki Kobayashi;Hayalo Sato
• 通讯作者: Hayalo Sato

音声の聴き取りにくさと音響物理指標の関係-実測インパルス応答を用いた検討-

语音清晰度与声学物理指标的关系 -使用测量脉冲响应的研究-

• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: 日本音響学会秋季研究発表会講演論文集
• 作者: Hayato;Sato;高岡 知康;大西 豊;佐藤 逸人
• 通讯作者: 佐藤 逸人