Investigations for typhoon disasters in South Korea and comparative research on flood disaster mechanism between Japan and South Korea

点击翻译按钮获取中文摘要

In 2002, Typhoon RUSA brought historical rainfall to the Korean Peninsula, which caused the largest-ever flood disaster thought South Korea. In 2003, Typhoon MAEMI hit the south parts of South Korea. The damage was estimated to 5,600 billion won, which is the largest-ever loss in South Korea. In 2004, 10 typhoons hit Japan, which is the highest record since the observation began. In this year, active rainfall fronts also caused heavy flood disasters at Niigata-Fukushima and Fukui areas. As stated, both countries suffered severe flood disasters consecutively in resent years.In this research, flood disaster development mechanisms in both countries with similar climate, topography, life style, population density etc. were investigated comparatively through physical and social scientific view points. At the same time, a distributed hydrologic model developed in our research group was applied to Korean catchments to clarify the transferability of the hydrologic model in both countries. In addition, to improve the accuracy of short-term flood predictions, a real-time flood forecasting method incorporating a distributed rainfall-runoff model is newly developed. In both countries, advanced database systems for topography, hydrologic information etc. are well developed. A real-time hydrologic observation system including radar rainfall nowcasting is also available. To fully utilize the hydrologic observation information, a stochastic real-time distributed flood prediction method with a rainfall forecasting considering its prediction error is proposed.