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Structure of microbial community that sustain subtropical dry land and coral reef ecosystems in Australia.

维持澳大利亚亚热带旱地和珊瑚礁生态系统的微生物群落结构。

基本信息

批准号：
17405025
负责人：
YAMASAKI Hideo
金额：
$ 2.82万
依托单位：
University of the Ryukyus
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2005 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Northeast Australia and Okinawa share subtropical environments that exhibit remarkable biodiversity. There are many unique biotas not only in land area but also n coastal area of those regions. Interestingly, Northeast Australia and Okinawa also share a considerable number of species in spite of the geographic distance. Thus, it is of particular interest to compare Northeast Australia and Okinawa to find a fundamental basis that sustain the unique ecosystems. Recent investigations have suggested that microbial community plays essential roles in sustaining ecosystems and biosphere. This research project aimed to obtain basic information on characteristics of microbial community in Australia and Okinawa. We highlighted two microbial community for the two-yeas project: intestinal bacteria in termites (FY 2005) and endolithic bacteria in reef-building corals (FY 2006) as representative terrestrial and coastal microbial community, respectively.For the source of terrestrial microbial communi … More ty, we collected termites distributed in Australia and attempted to investigate their intestinal microbes and microbial endosymbionts. We have found that the intestinal fauna of the most primitive termite Mastotermes danviniensis play a significant role in cellulose digestion as other termite species including those collected in Okinawa. Comparative analysis between Okinawan and Australian Nasutitermes termites revealed that the intestinal bacteria also produce a variety of cellulolytic enzymes unlike previously suggested. We have successfully parified the bacterial endosymbiont Blattabacterium cuenoti (Bacteriodetes, Flavobacteria) and have estimated the genome size to be 650 kb. The results suggest reduction in genome compared to free-living relatives, and that such reduction is typical in intracellular proteobacterial sympointsFor the source of coastal microbial community, we colleted the colonies of Goniastrea aspera, a reef-building corals from Queensland. Through collaboration with Dr. Andrew Baird of James Cook University, we have successfully collected 20 coral colonies from Nelly Bay of Magnetic Island and Pioneer Bay of Orpheus Island. We analyzed water quality on site to estimate nitrate, nitrite, ammonium ions as well as pH and salinity. The samples collected were processed to extract DNA from each coral skeleton. The analysis of the data is now under going. Less

澳大利亚东北部和冲绳共享亚热带环境，表现出显着的生物多样性。这些地区不仅在陆地上，而且在沿海地区都有许多独特的生物多样性。有趣的是，澳大利亚东北部和冲绳尽管地理距离遥远，但也有相当数量的物种。因此，比较澳大利亚东北部和冲绳，以找到维持独特生态系统的基本基础，是特别有意义的。最近的研究表明，微生物群落在维持生态系统和生物圈中起着重要作用。本研究旨在获得澳大利亚和冲绳微生物群落特征的基本信息。在为期两年的研究中，我们重点研究了两个微生物群落：白蚁肠道细菌（FY 2005）和造礁珊瑚石内细菌（FY 2006），分别作为陆地和海岸微生物群落的代表。 ...更多信息 ty，收集了分布于澳大利亚的白蚁，并试图调查其肠道微生物和微生物内共生菌。我们发现，最原始的白蚁Mastotermes danviniensis的肠道动物群发挥了重要作用，在纤维素消化的其他白蚁物种，包括那些收集在冲绳。冲绳和澳大利亚的Nasutitermes白蚁之间的比较分析表明，肠道细菌也产生多种纤维素分解酶，而不是以前建议的。我们已经成功地纯化了细菌内共生体Blattabacterium cuenoti（拟杆菌门，黄细菌门），并估计其基因组大小为650 kb。结果表明，与自由生活的亲属相比，基因组减少，这种减少是典型的细胞内蛋白细菌共点。对于沿海微生物群落的来源，我们收集了来自昆士兰州的造礁珊瑚Goniastrea aspera的菌落。通过与詹姆斯库克大学的Andrew Baird博士合作，我们成功地从磁岛的Nelly湾和俄耳甫斯岛的Pioneer湾收集了20个珊瑚群。我们现场分析水质，以估计硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐、铵离子以及pH值和盐度。采集的样本经过处理，从每个珊瑚骨骼中提取DNA。目前正在对数据进行分析。少