Study of Agricultural Water Use and Environmental Conservation in Cold and Arid Region

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The purpose of this research proposes the solutions to environmental problems causing agricultural water-use in the cold and arid region. Recent 2 years, collaborative research with Japanese and Chinese scientists carried out field investigation above problems in the Tarim River watershed, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. That is, agricultural water-use, soil properties, groundwater conditions and water qualities conducted a field survey mainly at the Shaya irrigation district in the middle reaches of the Tarim River. At the same time, data about water and land resources, agricultural water balance, distribution method of the water, cropping system and others collected from the government offices.Results of investigations and discussions revealed about conservation of the environment in that region as follows;・Agricultural water distribution could not practice systematically because the developments of water resources and farmland are dependent.・Systematic irrigation is difficult because water distribute by the supply-driven.・Farmland accumulating salts is low permeability and high water content of soil. And groundwater table undergoes high level relatively.・Salt concentration is low in summer but indicates relative high concentration in spring. We have considered the influence of irrigation and ground freezing in winter.