Establishment of Sports Mental Training Program based on the BrainActivities

在本项目中，我们旨在建立基于大脑活动的新型运动心理训练方案。在回顾以往关于运动心理训练的研究后，我们进行了fMRI（功能性磁共振成像）研究作为研究1。在本研究中，我们比较了运动意象训练前后的大脑活动，发现在心理训练项目后，与情绪相关的大脑区域前扣带皮层（ACC）更加活跃。在研究2中，我们使用脑电图（EEG）测量了心理训练前后的大脑活动，以探讨心理训练对动机、运动想象能力和注意力表现的影响。此外，本研究还对运动心理训练的动机方面进行了研究。在研究3中，研究了反馈信息对动机和情绪相关脑区的影响。据此，我们可以对体育心理训练提出以下建议：(a)在意象训练方面，像实际动作技能习得这样的小步骤意象训练可能是重要的；(b)为了保持和增强运动员的动力，需要明确的目标设定和准确正确的运动员成绩反馈信息；(c) fMRI研究表明，由于外周唤醒状态影响运动员的情绪状态，控制躯体状态对控制运动员的情绪状态至关重要。目前的研究表明，脑科学可以为运动心理科学特别是运动心理训练做出贡献。

In the present project, we aimed to establish the new sports mental training program based on the brain activities.After reviewing previous studies about sports mental training, we performed fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) study as the study 1. In this study, we compare the brain activities during motor imagery before and after the imagery training, and found that the ACC (anterior cingulate cortex) where is the emotion related brain region was more activated after the mental training program. In the study 2, we measured brain activities using the EEG (electroencephalography) before and after the mental training program to investigate the mental training effect on motivation, the ability of motor imagery, and performance of concentration. In addition, motivational aspect of the sports mental training was investigated in the study 3. In study 3, the effects of feedback information on the motivational and emotional related brain regions were investigated.As the results, we could propose the following suggestions for the sports mental training: (a) as for the imagery training, the small step imagery training like actual motor skill acquisition could be important, (b) to keep and enhance athletes' motivation, the clear goal setting and precise and correct feedback information about athletes' performance should be informed, (c) the fMRI study suggests that control of somatic state is crucial to control emotional state of athletes because peripheral arousal state affects athletes' emotional state.The present research project indicated the brain science could contribute to the sport psychological science especially to sports mental training.