Research on the tree-line dynamics and environmental change on Mount Fuji

本研究旨在揭示秦岭林线附近的植被动态及其环境影响因素。富士。对秦岭西北坡坡面过程与植物群落结构的关系进行了研究。富士。在海拔2700米至2950米之间的坡面上发育了阶梯状微地形，在2800米至2850米之间发现了特别清晰的结构。这种阶梯状微地形几乎肯定是冰缘的，是植物群落岛屿发育的基础。这些群落集中在台阶的悬崖部分，在平坦的露台部分几乎没有观察到生长。根据地温监测和油漆暴露实验的证据，碎石在梯田上是不稳定的，在悬崖上是稳定的，认为地表材料的稳定性决定了植被的分布。群落组成多样：上坡以沙柳为主，地衣突出。下坡以日本落叶松、欧洲桦树等乔木树种为主。此外，L的年轮从下到上逐渐变少，暗示着不同时期的建立。根据这些发现，预测了该树线向更高海拔的初级演替将发生在山体西北坡。富士，以阶梯微地形为基础。此外，树高与树龄的关系分析表明，在低海拔地区，年龄越大，伸长生长越大，而在较高海拔地区，年龄越大，生长越粗大，而不是伸长生长。这一事实表明，落叶松灌丛群落的形成受暴露于恶劣环境的时间长短控制。

The purpose of this study is to reveal the vegetation dynamics and its environmental agents around the tree-line on Mt. Fuji. An investigation was conducted into the relationship between slope processes and plant community structure on the north-western slope of Mt. Fuji. A stepped microtopography has developed on this slope between 2700 m and 2950 m elevation, with a particularly well-defined structure identified between 2800 m and 2850 m. This stepped microtopography is almost certainly periglacial, and has been a foundation for the development of islands of plant communities. These communities are concentrated on the cliff sections of the steps, with virtually no growth observed on the flat, terrace sections. On the evidence of ground temperature monitoring and paint-line exposure experiments, gravel is unstable on the terraces and stable on the cliffs, and it is considered that distribution of vegetation has been determined by stability of the surface material. Composition of communities is diverse : on the upper slopes, Salix reiini is predominant and lichens are prominent. The lower slopes are dominated by arboreal species including Larix kaempferi and Betula ermanii. In addition, the annual rings of L kaempferi become few from lower to upper slopes, suggesting establishment at different periods. From these findings, it is predicted that primary succession of the tree line to a higher elevation will occur on the north-western slope of Mt. Fuji, using the stepped microtopography as a foundation. Furthermore, the analysis of the relationship between tree-height and tree-age has shown a tendency, in the lower altitude part the older the greater elongation growth, in the higher part the older the greater thickening growth not elongation one. This fact suggests that a larch scrub community is formed controlling by the length of exposure to the severe environment.