Transfiguration of Corneille's heroes in his plays

本研究的目的在于阐明卡内尔式英雄人物的变形。高乃依的戏剧生涯非常漫长，他的戏剧风格、当代的成功和评论界对他的戏剧的接受都发生了极大的变化。我们主要关心的是，在他的戏剧中，英雄和国王之间的关系是如何不断变化的。从这个角度来看，我们主要通过根据创作时期对他的悲剧进行分类来研究他们：黎塞留，马扎兰和路易十四。以下是我们的研究结果。杀害罗德里格和贺拉斯的人被国王赦免了因为他们的战功。罗马皇帝奥古斯特宽宏大量地宽恕了密谋反对他的人，从而恢复了长期的和平。因此，在包括《波厄忒》在内的四大悲剧中，君主们都是与英雄们合作建立了一个强大而和平的国家，其中英雄们的殉难注定了罗马帝国的皈依。考察《勒西德》的争吵，可以发现他们的合作在很大程度上与黎塞留的思想相吻合。但是红衣主教的死使这位剧作家从他伟大的政治思想中解脱出来，科尼利亚英雄与国王的关系也完全改变了。高乃依把他笔下的英雄们展现在舞台上，与卑鄙的国王、暴君和篡位者作斗争：他们的反对是不可否认的事实。在他后来的戏剧中（1659-1674），政治婚姻是剧作家的永恒主题；王权的加强（路易十四）反映在他的戏剧中，他的英雄们变得不那么有活力，更悲观。在他的最后一部戏中，苏瑞娜的悲惨死亡是由于国王的嫉妒造成的。

The purpose of this study is to elucidate the transfiguration of Carnelian heroes. Corneille's dramatic career was extremely long and marked by extreme variations in the styles, contemporary success and critical reception of his plays. Our primary concern is with how the relationship between his heroes and kings continued to change in his dramas. From this point of view, we have examined mainly his tragedies by classifying them according to the periods of their creation : those of Richelieu, Mazarin and Louis XIV. The following are the results of our researches.The homicide of Rodorigue and Horace is pardoned by the kings on account of their deeds of arms. Auguste, emperor of Rome, restores a long peace by having the magnanimity to forgive the hem who has plotted against him. Thus the monarchs are in cooperation with the heroes to establish a strong and peaceful state in the four great tragedies including Polyeucte, in which the martyrdom of the hem is destined to convert the Roman Empire to Christianity The examination of the quarrel of Le Cid proves that their cooperation corresponds to a large extent with Richelieu's ideology.But the death of the Cardinal releases the dramatist from his great political ideas, and Cornelian heroes' relationship with kings change completely. Corneille makes appear on stage his heroes struggling against ignoble kings, tyrants and usurpers: their opposition is an undeniable fact, In his later plays (1659-1674), political marriage is the constant theme of the dramatist; the reinforcement of the royal power (Louis XIV) is reflected on his dramaturgy His heroes became less energetic and more pessimistic. In his last play, the tragic death of Surena is caused by the jealousy of the king.