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A RESEARCH ON TECHNOGIES, EMPLOYMENT AND INCOME DISTRIBUTIONS IN THE MEDIUM-RUN MACROECOMICS

中期宏观经济中的技术、就业和收入分配研究

基本信息

批准号：
17530149
负责人：
OSUMI Yasuyuki
金额：
$ 1.12万
依托单位：
University of Hyogo (2007)Chukyo University (2005-2006)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2005 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Our research investigates the mechanism of the movements of labor shares in Japanese economy, and particularly clarifies the phenomena since late 90's, implying rising income inequalities and declining aggregate labor shares. Specifically, we investigate the effects of demand for goods, deregulations in goods and labor markets, skill-biased technical change and capital accumulation and explore the role of asymmetries of factor substitutabilities between capital, skilled and unskilled labor. Especially, we explore the role of capital-skill complementarity structure which implies that the elasticity of substitution between capital and unskilled labor is larger than that between capital and skilled labor capturing one specific aspect of the newly technological progress in the production side in the medium and the long run perspective.We show that in the imperfect competitive market framework having Keynesian and classical features, income inequalities between skilled and unskilled labor c … More ountercyclically move and aggregate labor shares procyclically fluctuate under capital-skill complementarity structure. This means that in recession, income inequalities enlarge and aggregate labor shares decline. Furthermore, deregulations in the goods and labor markets are likely to create widening income inequalities and declining labor shares. We also shows that even in the competitive market framework, under some capital-skill complementarity structures, income inequalities enlarge and aggregate labor shares decline in the process of skill-biased technical change and capital accumulation. When labor mobility occurs, however, capital accumulation reinforces rising income inequalities and declining aggregate labor shares. Moreover we demonstrate that in labor mobility case, capital-sill complementarity structures are likely to enlarge aggregate elasticity of substitution between capital and overall labor which tends to promote per capita income in the steady state in the growing economy. Less

我们的研究调查了日本经济中劳动份额变动的机制，特别澄清了90年代末以来的现象，即收入不平等加剧和总劳动份额下降的现象。具体来说，我们研究了商品需求、商品和劳动力市场放松管制、偏向技能的技术变革和资本积累的影响，并探讨了资本、熟练劳动力和非熟练劳动力之间要素替代性不对称的作用。特别是，我们探讨了资本-技能互补结构的作用，这意味着资本与非熟练劳动力之间的替代弹性大于资本与熟练劳动力之间的替代弹性，从中长期角度捕捉生产端新技术进步的某一特定方面。资本-技能互补结构下，总劳动份额呈顺周期波动。这意味着在经济衰退期间，收入不平等加剧，总劳动力份额下降。此外，商品和劳动力市场的放松管制可能会导致收入不平等扩大和劳动力份额下降。我们还表明，即使在竞争性市场框架下，在某些资本-技能互补结构下，在偏向技能的技术变革和资本积累过程中，收入不平等也会扩大，总劳动份额下降。然而，当劳动力流动发生时，资本积累会加剧收入不平等的加剧和总劳动力份额的下降。此外，我们证明，在劳动力流动的情况下，资本门槛互补结构可能会扩大资本与整体劳动力之间的总替代弹性，这往往会在经济增长的稳定状态下提高人均收入。较少的