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The Aid and Social Development for Poor People in Rural Bangladesh-The research in Kumilla District

孟加拉国农村贫困人口的援助与社会发展——库米拉地区的研究

基本信息

批准号：
17530385
负责人：
SUZUKI Yayoi
金额：
$ 2.34万
依托单位：
Kanto Gakuin University (2006-2007)Sendai University (2005)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2005 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

In the early 1960s, the Comilla Model was firstly introduced in Comilla district to make a Green Revolution during the period of East Pakistan. So far from a view-point of a domestic framework, the previous studies had indicated that the Comilla Model was the rural organization model set out by Akter Hameed Khan. However, this paper found that, in fact, the Comilla Model was closely related with the world-wide strategy of the United States under the Cold War system. The Comilla Model was the two-tier cooperative system (TTCS), which was composed of Kotwali Thana Central Cooperative Association (KTCCA ) and Krishak Samabaya Shamity (KSS; Agricultural Cooperative Association). The variety of IR-8, which was developed in International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), has been introduced through the TTCS. As the inputs of modern agriculture requires considerable costs, the government subsidies concentrated heavily on KTCCA through external aids. KTCCA aimed to increase rice production throu … More gh these subsidies and its own resources, and made increasingly profits. However the costs, which KSS members were required by the implementation of modern agricultural production method, usually exceeded the proceeds of Cash Crops, thereby their deficits accumulated every year. The landless farmers had no opportunity to participate in this programme.The Model Rural Development Programme (MRDP) has been introduced in Daudkandi Upazilla since 1992, where the east of the Meguna Gumuti Bridge is located. Following the experiment of Comilla Model, MRDP has also promoted modern agricultural production method. The effect of MRDP has increased the production of High Yield Variety of Boro rice in the dry season only. However, due to the implementation of modern agricultural production method by using irrigation facilities, the farmers have to bear the considerably high cost of agriculture production for consuming a large quantity of water, chemical fertilizers and agrichemicals. The effect of this sharply decreased the plantation of traditional varieties of rice in the rainy season. As a result of this, many poor people lose the opportunity of employment in the rainy season. Within the limitations of this investigation, the trickle down effect on the poorest couldn't be verified. In addition, the poorest people who have lived in the southern side of P village have been deprived of their lands through the road expansion project since the Comilla Model was introduced. They have organized Shamity (Volunteer Organizations) by the approach of BRAC or ASA, and they have been participating in Social Development Programme that helps to reduce their vulnerability. We left for an opportunity to discuss this in detail. Less

20世纪60年代初，科米拉模式首先在科米拉地区被引入，在东巴基斯坦时期掀起了一场绿色革命。从国内研究框架的角度来看，以往的研究表明，科米拉模式是阿克特·哈米德·汗提出的农村组织模式。然而，本文发现，事实上，科米拉模式与冷战体制下美国的全球战略密切相关。科米拉模式是由Kotwali Thana中央合作社协会（KTCCA）和Krishak Samabaya Shamity（KSS;农业合作社协会）组成的双层合作社系统（TTCS）。国际水稻研究所（IRRI）育成的新品种IR-8已通过TTCS引进。由于现代农业的投入需要相当大的成本，政府的补贴主要集中在KTCCA通过外部援助。KTCCA旨在通过增加水稻产量 ...更多信息利用这些补贴和自己的资源，获得了越来越多的利润。然而，KSS成员实施现代农业生产方法所需的成本通常超过经济作物的收益，因此每年都有赤字。自1992年以来，在Meguna Gumuti桥以东的Daudkandi乌帕齐拉推行了农村发展示范方案。继科米拉模式的试验之后，MRDP还推动了现代农业生产方式的发展。MRDP的效应仅在旱季对高产品种Boro水稻有增产作用。然而，由于采用灌溉设施的现代农业生产方式，农民不得不承担相当高的农业生产成本，消耗大量的水、化肥和农用化学品。这一影响使传统水稻品种在雨季的种植园急剧减少。因此，许多穷人在雨季失去了就业机会。在这项调查的范围内，对最贫困者的涓滴效应无法得到证实。此外，自从采用科米拉模式以来，由于道路扩建项目，居住在P村南侧的最贫穷的人被剥夺了土地。他们通过BRAC或阿萨的办法组织了Shamity（志愿者组织），并参加了有助于减少其脆弱性的社会发展方案。我们离开是为了有机会详细讨论这一点。少