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Astudy on the establishment of environmental standard of photochemical oxidants for protecting plants

保护植物光化学氧化剂环境标准制定的研究

基本信息

批准号：
18510020
负责人：
IZUTA Takeshi
金额：
$ 2.32万
依托单位：
Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2006 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-18510020/
关键词：
Photochemical oxidants Crop vield Mapping Environmental standard Global warming

项目摘要

In the present study, we investigated the effects of ozone (O3), a major component of photochemical oxidants, on growth and yield of crops cultivating in the suburban areas of Japan and evaluated environmental standard for protecting plants. There was great difference in the sensitivity of growth and yield in O_3 among the crops cultivating in the suburban areas of Kanto-district of Japan. Based on the results of experimental study on the effects of O_3 on yield of crops, the most suitable O_3 parameter for evaluating the effects of O_3 on the yield of crops was considered to be AOT30 (accumulated dose over a threshold of 30 ppb of O_3). We propose 1.5 ppm h of AOT30 (9:00-16:00) as critical level of O_3 for protecting the yield of crops cultivating in the suburban areas of Japan. In most areas of Tokyo Metropolis and Saitama Prefecture, AOT30 of O_3 is above 1.5 ppm h from July to September. We evaluated O_3-induced yield reduction of 5 crops (komatsuna, quing-geng-cai, turnip, garland chrysanthemum and welsh onion) from July to September As a result, the O_3-induced reduction rate of the 5 crops was estimated to be 11-35% in the western part of Tokyo Metropolis and northern part of Saitama Prefecture where the concentration and dose of O_3 are relatively high. Therefore, we should establish environmental standard of photochemical oxidants for protecting plants as soon as possible.

在本研究中，我们调查了臭氧（O3），光化学氧化剂的主要组成部分，在日本的郊区种植的作物生长和产量的影响，并评估环境标准，保护植物。在日本关东地区的近郊地区，不同作物对O_3的敏感性和产量差异很大。根据O_3对作物产量影响的试验研究结果，认为评价O_3对作物产量影响的最适宜O_3参数为AOT 30（超过30 ppb O_3阈值的累积剂量）。本文提出了1.5ppm/h的AOT_（30）（9：00-16：00）作为日本郊区保护农作物产量的临界O_3水平。在东京大都会和琦玉县的大部分地区，7 ~ 9月O_3的AOT 30值在1.5ppm h以上。在O_3浓度和剂量较高的东京都大都会西部和琦玉县北方，O_3对小松菜、青庚菜、芜菁、加兰菊和大葱等5种作物的减产率为11-35%。因此，应尽快制定保护植物的光化学氧化剂环境标准。