Study on Poverty Reduction through Employment Generation

本研究从理论和实地调查两个方面对创造就业与减贫进行了研究。它询问创造就业计划是否有助于减少贫困。2006财政年度，在尼加拉瓜进行了实地研究。2007财年，在印度进行了一项实地研究。由于各种原因，原定前往印度尼西亚的实地考察被改为印度。在尼加拉瓜，重点放在所谓的社会基金上，看看它如何帮助创造就业。另一方面，印度的重点是宏观经济政策，特别是第十一个五年计划(2007财年至2012财年)。以前的公共经济学和福利分析研究大多侧重于经济增长和减贫之间的因果关系，很少涉及创造就业的影响。本研究着眼于这一点，在理论上对贫困与增长经济学领域做出了贡献。此外，这项研究还侧重于国家和国际层面的宏观经济分析与个人、家庭、社区层面的微观经济分析之间的联系，这也是对学术领域的新贡献。

This study focuses on the employment generation and poverty reduction in theory and by field studies. It asks whether the employment generation programs contribute to the poverty reduction. In FY 2006, a field study in Nicaragua was conducted. In FY 2007, a field study in India was conducted. An original field trip to Indonesia was changed to India for various reasons. In Nicaragua, a focus was placed on the so-called Social Fund to see how it helps generate employment. In India, on the other hand, a focus was placed on a macroeconomic policy, in particular, the Eleventh Five Year Plan (FY 2007 to FY 2012).A majority of previous studies in public economics and welfare analysis have focused on the causality between economic growth and poverty reduction, and very few of them have treated the effect of employment generation. This study focuses on this point, and has contributed theoretically to the field of poverty and growth economics. Also this study has focused a linkage between macroeconomic analysis at national and international levels and microeconomic analysis at individual, household, community levels, which is also a new contribution to the academic field.