On the logical development of life structure studies

日本发展起来的生活结构理论起源于20世纪10年代对穷人和其他社会问题的研究，并在20世纪40年代以后的社会研究和理论发展中得到进一步完善。本研究考虑了生命结构理论的准确性。研究结果表明：(1)以社会群体为研究对象、对社会问题的认识、社区视角、对生活结构中介功能的认识这四个因素可以确定所考察的生活结构理论的特征和类型。(2)许多生命结构理论的一个共同缺陷是忽略了后两个因素。(3)在社会学方面，企业管理者很少努力去纠正社会问题。尽管如此，仓城纺纱公司的大原麻三郎和他的儿子仓城人造丝公司的大原宗一郎的商业政策和社会哲学值得注意，因为他们的共同理念是在工人的生活中考虑到稳定和自治，也认识到社区作为他们存在的焦点的重要性。

Life structure theories developed in Japan have their origins in studies about the poor and other social problems examined in the 1910s, and were further refined by subsequent social research and theories developed from the 1940s. This study considers the veracity of life structure theories. The results are as follows : (1) There are 4 factors allowing us to determine the characteristics and types of the life structure theories under review : the social groups acting as research subjects, recognition of the social problem(s), the community perspective, recognition of the mediation -function of the life structure. (2) A deficiency common to many life structure theories is that the latter 2 factors are neglected. (3) In sociology, there was little effort made among business managers to rectify social problems. Nevertheless, the business policy and social philosophy of Ohara Magosaburo of the Kurashiki Spinning Company, and his son, Ohara Soichiro of the Kurashiki Rayon Company are noteworthy as their common philosophy made allowances for stability and autonomy within the workers' lives, and also recognized the importance of community as the focal point of their existence.