Empirical comparison of context-dependent effects evoked various environmental information in episodic memory

实证比较了各类环境信息的语境功能；那就是地点、背景音乐、背景颜色和气味。结果发现：(1)复杂地点语境作为情节定义语境，而简单地点语境仅作为环境信息；(2)地点、背景音乐和气味的作用是全局语境，而背景颜色的作用是局部语境；(3)复杂地点语境的效应量随学习时间的增加而增加，而背景颜色语境和背景音乐语境的效应量没有变化。

We empirically compared contextual functions of various types of environmental information ; that is place, background music, background color, and odor. As a result, we found that (1) complex-place context functions as an episode-defining context, whereas simple-place context functions as mere environmental information ; that (2) place, background-music, and odor function as global contexts, whereas background color functions as a local context ; and that (3) effect sizes of complex-place context increase as a function of study time, whereas those of background-color and background-music contexts do not change.