Development and field experiments of residential fuel cell system using hydrogen storage

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This study aims to develop a future energy system using fuel cell, hydrogen and renewable energy in cold regions. We carried out experiments on characteristics of hydrogen storing alloys. First, we selected types of hydrogen storing alloys for a residential energy system. We made samples whose diameters are different, and carried out the experiments on the hydrogen absorption and desorption. Second, as a result of numerical analyses of fuel cell CGSs on power and domestic hot water supply, primary energy consumptions and carbon dioxide emissions of all target houses in Sapporo were reduced. Especially high reduction effects of the latest polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) and the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) were shown. We analyzed the relationships of power generation efficiency of the utility power and fuel cell and the primary energy reduction rate. As a result, the reduction rates of the standard PEFC, the latest PEFC and SOFC were approximately 17%, 21% and 32%, respectively. Finally, we analyzed fuel cell CGSs for power, domestic hot water and space heating. The rate of operation from October to April increased compared with the CGSs without space heating. Especially large reduction effect was seen in the house to which demand of domestic hot water had limited the operation of fuel cell. In the house with high effect of introduction, the amount of the annual primary energy reduction reached 30 GJ.