Swimming performance of the bluefin tuna: Research with an integrated biomechanics-and biotelemetry-based approach

蓝鳍金枪鱼的游泳性能：基于生物力学和生物遥测的综合方法的研究

• 批准号: 18580195
• 负责人: TAKAGI Tsutomu
• 金额: $ 2.29万
• 依托单位: Kinki University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2006 至 2007
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-18580195/
• 关键词: Fisheries Science; Marine Ecology; Fluid Dynamics; Biomechanics; Biotelemetory; 流体

The purpose of this study is to elucidate the morphology, activity, and swimming mechanism of the bluefin tuna by using an integrated biomechanical-and biotelemetry-based approach. The fluid dynamic properties of bluefin tuna were estimated by computational fluid dynamics (CID) analysis. The coefficients of drag on bluefin tuna decrease as the fish grows. The drag during swimming depends on the amplitude of caudal-fin oscillation but not on its frequency. The theoretical results of CID revealed that the fish swims with its head tilted upward during slow cruising in order to maintain mechanical balance with equilibrium state of the moment around its center of gravity. A coupling glide with a large head-tilt angle and upward swimming with a small angle enable the fish to energetically and efficiently cover long distances. These theoretical results were confirmed by field data obtained using a data logger that can record the depth, head-tilt angle, and tail-beating activity of a tuna during swimming. It is believed that the pectoral fin of the bluefin tuna, owing to its negative buoyancy, produces a lift force that supports the submerged weight of the fish. We therefore performed CID analysis to confirm the function of the pectoral fin. For this purpose, we developed a novel data logger that records the movement of the pectoral fin toward or away from the body by using a magnetic sensor. The recorded data revealed that the fish often extends its fin during slow swimming in order to produce the required lift force. To estimate the efficiency at which metabolic energy is converted to external work during swimming, we performed experiments using a water tunnel. The cost of transport (COT) for a young bluefin tuna is approximately 15000 J・kg^<-1>・km^<-1>. However, on the basis of the CFD analysis, we estimated the external work for swimming to be 2-4% of the COT; this suggests that the bluefin tuna can use most of its metabolic energy to maintain its body temperature.

本研究的目的是通过使用基于生物力学和生物遥测的综合方法来阐明蓝鳍金枪鱼的形态、活动和游泳机制。通过计算流体动力学（CID）分析评估了蓝鳍金枪鱼的流体动力学特性。蓝鳍金枪鱼的阻力系数随着鱼的生长而降低。游泳时的阻力取决于尾鳍振动的幅度，而不取决于其频率。 CID的理论结果表明，鱼在缓慢游动时，头部会向上倾斜，以保持机械平衡，并保持重心周围力矩的平衡状态。大头倾角的耦合滑行和小角度的向上游动，使鱼能够精力充沛、高效地长距离游动。这些理论结果得到了使用数据记录器获得的现场数据的证实，该数据记录器可以记录金枪鱼在游泳时的深度、头部倾斜角度和尾巴拍打活动。据信，蓝鳍金枪鱼的胸鳍由于其负浮力而产生升力，支撑鱼在水下的重量。因此，我们进行了 CID 分析以确认胸鳍的功能。为此，我们开发了一种新颖的数据记录器，通过使用磁传感器记录胸鳍朝向或远离身体的运动。记录的数据显示，鱼在缓慢游动时经常伸展鳍，以产生所需的升力。为了估计游泳过程中代谢能量转化为外部功的效率，我们使用水隧道进行了实验。幼年蓝鳍金枪鱼的运输成本（COT）约为 15000 J·kg^<-1>·km^<-1>。然而，根据CFD分析，我们估计游泳的外部功为COT的2-4%；这表明蓝鳍金枪鱼可以利用其大部分代谢能量来维持体温。

项目成果

Schooling behavior and retinomotor response of juvenile Pacific bluefin tuna Thunnus orientalis under different light intensities.

不同光强下太平洋蓝鳍金枪鱼Thunnus orientalis幼鱼的学校行为和视网膜运动反应。

• 期刊: Journal of Fish Biology 71
• 作者: Y.Tamura;T.Takagi;T.Yamane;Shinsuke Torisawa
• 通讯作者: Shinsuke Torisawa

The change in morphological function as bluefin tuna grow from juveniles to young adults.

蓝鳍金枪鱼从幼鱼成长为青年鱼时形态功能的变化。

• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: Contributions on the theory of fishing gears and related marine systems 5
• 作者: Tamura;Y.
• 通讯作者: Y.

クロマグロ幼魚の推進エネルギーと移動コスト

蓝鳍金枪鱼幼鱼的推进能量和运动成本

• 发表时间: 2008
• 作者: Y.Tamura;T.Takagi;T.Yamane;Shinsuke Torisawa;高木 力
• 通讯作者: 高木 力

Effect of Visual acuity of juvenile bluefin tuna on the schooling behavior

蓝鳍金枪鱼幼鱼视力对群体行为的影响

• 发表时间: 2008
• 作者: Y.Tamura;T.Takagi;T.Yamane;Shinsuke Torisawa;高木 力;鳥澤眞介;福田漠生;Tsutomu Takagi;S. Torisawa
• 通讯作者: S. Torisawa

Swimming mechanism of blufin tuna II ; change of the morphology functions with tuna growth

蓝鳍金枪鱼的游泳机制II；

• 发表时间: 2007
• 作者: Y.Tamura;T.Takagi;T.Yamane;Shinsuke Torisawa;高木 力;鳥澤眞介;福田漠生;Tsutomu Takagi;S. Torisawa;H. Fukuda;高木 力;高木力;田村優美子;福田漠生;鳥澤眞介;久保俊彦;Tsutomu Takagi;Ymiko Tamura
• 通讯作者: Ymiko Tamura